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عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد تحت تاثیر سطوح آبیاری و کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 27، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 172-189 اصل مقاله (688.67 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
پیمان رضایی* 1؛ علیرضا کوچکی2؛ مهدی مهدی نصیری محلاتی3؛ محسن جهان4 | ||
11- دانشجوی اسبق دکتری اگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد | ||
2استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد | ||
32- استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد | ||
43- دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد | ||
چکیده | ||
با هدف ارزیابی تاثیر کودهای مختلف شیمیایی و زیستی و رژیمهای آبی روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) آزمایشی در سالهای زراعی 1392 و 93 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری( 100%، 75% و 50% تامین نیاز آبی کنجد) و فاکتور فرعی شامل هشت تیمار کود شیمیایی و زیستی (نیتروژن، فسفر، نیتروژن+فسفر، نیتروکسین، بیوفسفر، نیتروکسین+بیوفسفر، بیوسولفور و شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد در سطح آبیاری 100% بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد بذر در کپسول، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد کپسول در بوته مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروژن+فسفر و نیتروژن بود. بطور کلی، در شرایط تامین 50% نیاز آبی، کودهای زیستی بخصوص نیتروکسین و نیتروکسین+بیوفسفر سبب بهبود ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد به میزان مشابه و یا حتی بهتر از کودهای شیمیایی شدند. عملکرد دانه با اجزای عملکرد شامل تعداد دانه در کپسول، تعداد کپسول در بوته و وزن هزار دانه همبستگی معنیدار را نشان داد. در شرایط بدون تنش (آبیاری 100%) بیشترین عملکرد دانه در سالهای 1392 و 1393 به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروژن+فسفر (14/3 تن در هکتار) و نیتروژن (99/2 تن در هکتار) بود. در شرایط تنش (آبیاری 50%) حداکثر عملکرد دانه (42/2 و 31/2 تن در هکتار) در سالهای 1392 و 1393 به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای نیتروکسین و بیوسولفور بود. میتوان نتیجه گرفت در شرایط تنش رطوبتی کاربرد کودهای زیستی یک راه حل مطلوب است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بیوسولفور؛ بیوفسفر؛ تنش خشکی؛ ماده خشک؛ نیتروکسین | ||
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