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بررسی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن برخی جدایههای ازتوباکتر در مایهزنی ذرت | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 27، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 51-63 اصل مقاله (701.61 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مهدیه لیلاسی مرند1؛ محمدرضا ساریخانی* 2 | ||
11- دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
22- دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
چکیده | ||
توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن در حالت آزادزی ویژگی گروه خاصی از باکتریهای دیآزوتروف میباشد که ازتوباکترها از جنسهای شناخته شده آنهاست. ارزیابی کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن به روشهای مختلف از جمله روش اختلاف و کشت در حضور گیاه قابل انجام است. بر این اساس آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانهای انجام گرفت و توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن 18 جدایه باکتری از جمله، ازتوباکتر بررسی شد. زادمایههای میکروبی با استفاده از حامل باگاس و پرلیت در بذور ضدعفونیشده ذرت رقم سینکل کراس 704 تلقیح شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کنترلهای منفی (بدون افزودن حامل و حامل فاقد باکتری)، کنترلهای مثبت (کاربرد کود اوره به میزان 50% و 100% توصیه کودی) و گلدانهای تلقیح شده با جدایهها بود. نتایج نشان داد به جز وزن تر و غلظت نیتروژن ریشه، تمام پارامترهای اندازهگیری شده در سطح احتمال 1% متاثر از تیمارهای آزمایش بوده است. بالاترین میانگین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن تر و خشک کل، ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه و شاخص کلروفیل در تیمارهای کودی 100% و 50% حاصل شد و در بین تیمارهای باکتریایی 14SP-Ι، 16SP-2 (ازتوباکترکروکوکوم) و 34SP-Ш (سودوموناس) مؤثر واقع شدند. بیشترین مقدار کل نتیروژن و فاکتور انتقال آن به ترتیب با افزایش 32% و 148% نسبت به شاهد منفی در جدایه 16SP-2 مشاهده شد. بیشترین کارایی تثبیت نیتروژن نیز بر اساس اختلاف مقدار نیتروژن در جدایه 16SP-2 برابر با 47/39% بهدست آمد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ازتوباکترکروکوکوم؛ باکتریهای آزادزی؛ تثبیت بیولوژیک نیتروژن؛ ذرت؛ سودوموناس | ||
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