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تاثیر استفاده از شکلهای مختلف کروم در پیرامون زایش بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیت-هضم مواد مغذی، رفتارهای تغذیهای میشهای افشار و عملکرد برههای آنها تحت تاثیر تنش گرمایی | ||
پژوهش های علوم دامی (دانش کشاورزی) | ||
دوره 34، شماره 2، شهریور 1403، صفحه 101-117 اصل مقاله (576.91 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/as.2024.55492.1695 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محمد اسدی* 1؛ تقی قورچی1؛ عبدالحکیم توغدری2 | ||
1گروه تغذیه دام و طیور - دانشکده علوم دامی -دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منا بع طبیعی گرگان-گرگان-ایران | ||
2گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
چکیده | ||
زمینه مطالعاتی: یکی از راهکارهای بهینهسازی شرایط تولیدی و تولیدمثلی دام، از طریق بهبود متابولیسم موادمغذی و رفع یا کاهش شرایط تنش، استفاده از کروم بهعنوان بهبوددهندههای متابولیکی میباشد. هدف: این آزمایش به منظور بررسی تاثیر استفاده از شکلهای مختلف کروم (کروم معدنی، کروم-متیونین و نانوذرات کروم) در پیرامون زایش بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیتهضم مواد مغذی، رفتارهای تغذیهای میشهای افشار و عملکرد برههای آنها تحت تاثیر تنش گرمایی انجام شد. روش کار: چهل رأس میش افشاری آبستن از 5±42 روز پیش از زایش مورد انتظار در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی به چهار تیمار آزمایشی با ده تکرار اختصاص یافتند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1) جیره پایه بدون مکمل کروم (شاهد)، 2) جیره پایه حاوی 3 میلیگرم کروم به شکل معدنی به ازای هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک،3) جیره پایه حاوی3میلیگرم کروم به شکل کروم-متیونین به ازای هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک و4) جیره پایه حاوی3 میلیگرم کروم به شکل نانو ذرات کروم به ازای هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک بودند. طول دوره آزمایش 84 روز بود. وزنکشی میشها در ابتدا، زمان زایش و انتهای دوره انجام شد. باقیمانده خوراک در هر روز وزن میگردد و با کسر از خوراک ارائهشده، مصرف خوراک روزانه محاسبه شد. وضعیت اسهال و اسکور مدفوع برههای شیرخوار بصورت روزانه ثبت شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که، اختلاف معنیداری از نظر وزن میشها در زمان قبل زایش وجود نداشت. اما با شروع زایش میشها (0466/0P=) تا 6 هفته پس از زایش (0484/0P=) تیمارهای دریافت کننده شکلهای مختلف کروم عملکرد بهتری را نسبت به گروه شاهد میشها داشتند. ماده خشک مصرفی میشها هم از هفته سوم تا ششم پساز زایش ماده خشک مصرفی در میشهای دریافتکننده کروم-متیونین و نانوذرات کروم یک روند صعودی داشت (05/0P <). در زمان قبل و بعد زایش میشها قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی تحت تاثیر دریافت کروم افزایش یافت (0001/0P=) افزودن مکمل کروم به جیره میشها اختلاف معنیداری در پارامترهای رفتار مصرف خوراک ایجاد نکرد اما سبب اختلاف معنیداری در رفتار استراحت میشها شد بطوریکه کمترین و بیشترین زمان استراحت هم بهترتیب مربوط تیمار دریافتکننده نانوذرات کروم و شاهد بود (0411/0P=). افزودن مکمل کروم به جیره میشها سبب بهبود وزن تولد، افزایش وزن روزانه، قابلیت هضم و وضعیت اسهال برههای متولدشده میشود (05/0P ). نتیجهگیری نهایی: بطورکلی دریافت کروم بویژه به شکلهای کروم-متیونین و نانوذرات کروم در دورهی انتقال میشها تحت تاثیر تنش گرمایی قابل توصیه میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تنش گرمایی؛ دورهی انتقال؛ قابلیتهضم موادمغذی؛ کروم؛ میش | ||
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