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اثرات توأم رژیم آبیاری و سطوح نیتروژن بر عملکرد و کارایی استفاده از نور و نیتروژن در گیاه ذرت | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
دوره 33، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 85-103 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2022.50174.2822 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
نسرین حیدری1؛ یاسر علیزاده* 2؛ حمزه علی علیزاده3 | ||
1دانش آموخته مقطع کارشناسی ارشد زراعت. دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام | ||
2استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام. | ||
3استادیار گروه علوم مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی-دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف: این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر رژیم های مختلف آبیاری و میزان مصرف نیتروژن بر کارایی مصرف نور و نیتروژن و رابطه آنها در شرایط آب و هوایی ایلام انجام شد. مواد و روش: آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خردشده بر پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ایلام اجرا شد. آبیاری بعنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح (100I100=، 80I80= و 60I60= درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، و عامل فرعی کود نیتروژن در سه سطح (0N0=، 100N100= و 150N150= کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. یافتهها: بالاترین میزان عملکرد دانه و زیستی به ترتیب با 5275 و 17209 کیلوگرم در هکتار در تیمار I100 N150 بدست آمد. پایین ترین میزان عملکرد دانه (1883 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و زیستی (7948 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار I60N0 مشاهده شد. کارایی مصرف نور گیاه ذرت، تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری و نیتروژن قرار گرفت و بین 97/1 (تیمار I60N0) تا 66/2 گرم بر مگاژول (تیمار I100 N150) متغییر بود. بالاترین میزان جذب تشعشع (1261 مگاژول بر متر مربع) در تیمار I100 N150 بدست آمد و کمترین میزان جذب تشعشع (740 مگاژول بر متر مربع) در تیمار I60N0 مشاهده شد. بیشترین کارایی زراعی(5/47) و جذب (6/1) نیتروژن در تیمار I100N0 بدست آمد و بالاترین کارایی مصرف نیتروژن (84/30) در تیمار I80N0 حاصل شد. نتیجهگیری: در رژیمهای مختلف آبیاری، رابطه بین کارایی مصرف نور و کارایی زراعی نیتروژن، یک رابطه معکوس بود. همچنین نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از نیتروژن بیشتر، راهکار مناسبی برای بهبود عملکرد دانه در شرایط کم آبیاری نیست | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تنش خشکی؛ جذب تشعشع؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ کارایی نیتروژن؛ مدیریت پایدار منابع | ||
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