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The History of Education in Old Tabriz City and its Philosophy in the Qajar Era (from the Maktabs to formation of the new schools) | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 16، شماره 41، دی 1401، صفحه 460-470 اصل مقاله (538.02 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2023.54029.3399 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهری بسناس* | ||
| استادیار دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Education in the Qajar era had been considered in Iran, especially in Tabriz. Most kind people tried to help scientific development and performed many educational and cultural efforts. The establishment of printing, translation skills, publishing the newspapers, and new schools were the first efforts that had been made in Tabriz. Education was in maktab forms until Nasereldin Shah and had many limitations, but there were more than 100 maktabs in Tabriz; most of the people were poor, the number of pupils was a few, and the lessons were religious. The classes in maktabs were held in houses and mosques. Every maktab had characteristics. The methods of teaching were not equal. The teachers in maktabs had some notable qualifications. The maktabs in that period had many problems. The curriculum in maktabs involved Quranic instructions, Arabic grammar and some religious passages. In that period, some new schools were established by Iranian Muslims, such as Roshdieh, Mozafari, Loghmanieh, Mellieh, Kamal and Sanaye Mostazrafe. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| philosophy؛ new schools؛ Maktabs؛ Qajar؛ Tabriz؛ history | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Ajudani, Mashallah. (2005). Iranian Constitution, Tehran: Akhtaran Publications. (in Persian) Amin Sobhani, Reza. (1958). History and Nomenclature of Tabriz Schools, Vol 1. Tabriz: Nashr-e Farhang. (in Persian) Arianpur, Y. (1993). From Saba to Nima, Vol. 1. Tehran: Zavar Publications. (in Persian) Chardonnay, Jan. (1995). Travel Account, Vol. II. Tehran: Tus Publications. (in Persian) Ezam Ghods, Hassan. (1963). My Memories Book, Vol. 1. Tehran: Mehr Aien Publications. (in Persian) Kooshafar, A. A. (2003). History of Education in Iran and Islam, Tabriz: Azad University Press. (in Persian) Kumar Singh, Achyut. (1992). Education and National Character, New Delhi, Asian Publishing House. Magazin Education. (1959). Vol. 31, No 3. (in Persian) Masiri, Mirza Ali Taghi. (1992). Titles in Safavid Kings Era, Mashhad: Mashhad University Press. (in Persian) Navaei, A. H. (1998). High Teacher Center and School Program, Iran Contemporary History Magazine, Vol. 2, No 5. (in Persian) Niknam, Ayyub; Zoghi, Fariborz. (1995). Tabriz in History, Tabriz: Baran Publication. (in Persian) Noruzi, A. H. (1969). Higher Education in Iran, Tabriz: Humanities Faculty. (in Persian) Ravandi, M. (1994). Culture and Education History in Iran and Europe, Tehran: Negah Publications. (in Persian) Roshdieh, S. (1983). The Accidents of Life, Tehran: Iran History Press. (in Persian) Safavi, A. (2004). Iran Education History, Tehran: Roshd Publications. (in Persian) Sardarinia, Samad. (2003). Tabriz Darolfonun, Tabriz: Neday-e Shams Publications. (in Persian) Sarmad, Gholam Ali. (1993). Dispatching the Student to the Foreign Country, Tehran: Bonyad Publications. (in Persian) Sepehr, A. H. Khan. (1989). The Mirror of Events in Mozaffari Era, Tehran: Iarrin Publications. (in Persian) Shamim, A. A. (1996). Iran in Qajar Era, Tehran: Modabber Publications. (in Persian) Shariati, Ali. (No date). Maktab, Tehran: Emam Press. (in Persian) Sharma, P. (2005). Philosophy of Education, New Delhi, A. P. H. Publishing Corporation. Zamiri, M. A. (1992). The History of Education in Iran and Islam, Shiraz: Rahgosha Publications. (in Persian) | ||
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