آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 43 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,253 |
| تعداد مقالات | 15,411 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 51,245,945 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 14,254,186 |
The Human Soul Is Immaterial | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 16، شماره 41، دی 1401، صفحه 120-132 اصل مقاله (372.85 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2021.48727.3032 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهدی گلشنی* | ||
| استاد ممتاز دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، پژوهشکده علوم بنیادی (IPM) تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Since old times the two dimensionalities of human beings, i.e., their having a material body and an immaterial soul (spirit), has been a controversial problem. In the Abrahamic religions, the human soul is considered to be immaterial and in interaction with the body. Furthermore, it is considered to be a special effusion of God to each individual human being. During the modern times, with the dominance of empiricism, the prevalent view considers human soul a byproduct of matter. In fact, from the naturalistic viewpoint of modern science, there is no place for mind or consciousness as a novel and immaterial subject, but there are some important ideas about this subject, and some eminent scientists of our time believe that the human soul is immaterial and is never explainable by science. Among the latter group, there are some celebrated scientists who believe that human soul is God’s special effusion to human beings. In this article, we mention and analyze some of these important ideas. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| spirit؛ consciousness؛ material؛ immaterial؛ computer systems | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Beauregard, M.; Trent, N. L.; Schwartz, G. E. (2018). Toward a postmaterialist psychology: Theory, research, and applications. New Ideas in Psychology, 50: 21-33. Bergman, J.; John C. Eccles. (2010). Physics Nobel laureate and Darwing doubter. Journal of Creation, 24(2), 85. Crick, F.; Gregory, R. L. (1994). The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search for the Soul. Nature, 368 (6469), 359-359. Eccles, J. C. (2005a). Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self. Routledge. Eccles, J. C. (2005b). Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self. (pp. 249), Routledge. Ellis, G. (2014a). Science and Religion: 5 Questions. (pp. 65). Ellis, G. (2014b). Science and Religion: 5 Questions. (pp. 63). Giberson, K. (2003). The Man Who Fell to Earth. Interview with Sir Roger Penrose. Science & Spirit, 34-41. Götschl, J. (2012). Erwin Schrödinger’s world view: the dynamics of knowledge and reality. Vol. 16, Springer Science & Business Media. Holden, J. (2010). Response to “Is it rational to extrapolate from the presence of consciousness during a flat EEG to survival of consciousness after death?”. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 29(2), 362-367. Horgan, J. (1997). The End of Science. Little Brown & Company. Horgan, J. World's smartest physicist' believes consciousness will remain unsolvable. Scientific American, 38. (August 19, 2016) Jamali, M.; Golshani, M.; Jamali, Y. (2019). A proposed mechanism for mind-brain interaction using extended Bohmian quantum mechanics in Avicenna's monotheistic perspective. Heliyon, 5(7), e02130. Libet, B. (1999). Do we have free will? Journal of consciousness studies, 6(8-9), 56-57. Libet, B. (2009a). Mind time: The temporal factor in consciousness. (p. 184), Harvard University Press. Libet, B. (2009b). Mind time: The temporal factor in consciousness. (p. 27), Harvard University Press. Linde, A. (1998). Universe, Life, Consciousness. Paper delivered at the Physics and Cosmology Group of the “Science and the Spiritual Quest” program of the Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences (CTNS) p. Berkeley, California, 200-202. Miele, F. (1995). Darwin’s Dangerous Disciple’. Skeptic, 3(4), 80-85. Mlodinow, L.; Hawking, S. (2010). The grand design. Bentam: Bentam. Mott, N. (1997). Can Scientists Believe: Some Examples of the Attitude of Scientists to Religion. Oxford: Taylor and Francis. Mutahhari, M. (1975a). Collected Works. (pp. 41-42). Tehran: Sadra Publications. Mutahhari, M. (1975b). Collected Works. (pp. 56). Tehran: Sadra Publications. Mutahhari, M. (1975c). Collected Works. (pp. 38). Tehran: Sadra Publications. Mutahhari, M. (2007). Resurrection. Tehran: Mutahhari Institute. Peacocke, A. R. (2004). Creation and the World of Science: The Reshaping of Belief. Oxford University Press on Demand. Penfield, W. (1975). The indispensable substratum of consciousness. The mystery of the mind. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Planck, M. The Originator of Quantum Theory. The Observer. (January 25,1931). Ruse, M. (2004). Can a Darwinian be a Christian? the relationship between science and religion. Cambridge University Press. Schrödinger, E. (2014). "Nature and the Greeks” and “Science and Humanism.” 1951. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Schröedinger, E. (1984). General Scientific and Popular Papers. Collected Papers, 4, 334. Singh, T. D.; Gomatam, R. (1987a). Synthesis of Science and Religion. (p. 33). Bomay The Bhaktivedanta Institute. Singh, T. D.; Gomatam, R. (1987b). Synthesis of Science and Religion. (pp. 17-18). Bomay The Bhaktivedanta Institute. Singh, T. D.; Gomatam, R. (1987c). Synthesis of Science and Religion. (p. 20). Bomay The Bhaktivedanta Institute. Stapp, H. P. (2017). Quantum theory and free will. Swinburne, R. (2019). Are We Bodies Or Souls? Oxford University Press. Trigg, R. (2003). Do Science and Religion need each other? science religion & society, CiS – St Edmund Public Lectures. Varghese, R. A. (1984). Intellectuals Speak out about God: A Handbook for the Christian Student in a Secular Society, Washington: Regnery Publishing. Wang, H. (1996). A Logical Journey: From Gödel to Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Wheeler, J.; Zurek, W. (1983). Quantum theory and measurement. Wilson, E. (1998). Consilience: The unity of knowledge. Vol. 31, New York: Vintage. Wong, M. T. (2018). Ricoeur and the Third Discourse of the Person: from Philosophy and Neuroscience to Psychiatry and Theology. Rowman & Littlefield. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 297 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 514 |
||