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غربال و ارزیابی تنوع فنوتیپکی جدایه‌های غیرتوکسینزای Aspergillus flavus در باغات پسته ایران | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 10، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 109-120 اصل مقاله (1.45 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/arpp.2021.13319 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| راضیه پورحسینی1؛ ابراهیم صداقتی* 1؛ سید رضا فانی2؛ ماریه نادی3؛ محمد مرادی4 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان (عج)، رفسنجان | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران | ||
| 3پژوهشکده پسته، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رفسنجان، ایران. | ||
| 4پژوهشکده پسته، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رفسنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از سویه‌های غیرتوکسینزای قارچ Aspergillus flavus به عنوان یک روش بیولوژیک مؤثر برای کاهش آفلاتوکسین در کشورهای مختلف در حال توسعه است. سویه‌های غیرتوکسین‌زا قادر به رقابت با سویه‌های توکسین‌زا و اشغال بستر هستند و این امر باعث کاهش جمعیت توکسین‌زا و میزان آفلاتوکسین در بستر غذایی می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تنوع در جمعیت غیرتوکسینزای A. flavus از نظر مورفولوژیکی بود. تعداد 225 نمونه میوه و خاک پسته از استان‌های مختلف جمع‌آوری و برای جداسازی قارچ از روش سری‌های رقت و محیط کشت AFPA استفاده شد. برای غربال اولیه جدایه‌های غیرتوکسین‌زا از روش بخار آمونیاک در محیط کشت نارگیل آگار و برای تأیید نتایج از روش کروماتوگرافی لایه نازک (TLC) استفاده شد. تعیین گونه جدایه‌های حاصله به روش مولکولی با استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی گونه FLAVIQ1/FlaQ2 انجام شد. ویژگی‌های ماکرومورفولوژیکی و میکرومورفولوژیکی 56 سویه غیرتوکسینزای A. flavus به دست آمده، با استفاده از چهار محیط کشت CYA (czapek yeast agar)، MEA (malt extract agar)،CY20S (czapek yeast 20% sucrose) و CZ (czapek) مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. بررسی این خصوصیات، جدایه های غیرتوکسینزایA. flavus را در پنج گروه قرار داد. الگوی رشد پرگنه در محیط کشت CYA25 قابلیت تفکیک خوبی در بین جدایه‌ها از خود نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد در میان جدایه‌های غیرتوکسین‌زا A. flavus به دست آمده از مکان‌های جغرافیایی مختلف تنوع زیادی وجود دارد که دلیل آن می‌تواند به وجود گونه‌های مختلف در کمپلکس A. flavus مربوط باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایمنی غذایی؛ پسته؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ مایکوتوکسین؛ متابولیت ثانویه | ||
| مراجع | ||
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