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کنترل بیولوژیک بیماری پاخوره گندم با استفاده از دو گونه Trichoderma harzianum و Trichoderma viride | ||
پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 10، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 93-107 اصل مقاله (1.33 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/arpp.2021.13305 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ساناز کیانی وفا؛ عیدی بازگیر* ؛ مصطفی درویش نیا | ||
گروه گیاهپزشکی. دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان. | ||
چکیده | ||
چکیده بیماری پاخوره گندم ناشی از قارچ Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici، یکی از بیماری های مهم گندم در دنیا می باشد. در این تحقیق کاربرد دو گونه قارچ تریکودرما در کنترل این بیماری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ای بررسی شد. عامل بیماری از بوته های مشکوک به آلودگی از مزارع گندم شهرستان خرم آباد جداسازی و با استفاده از منابع معتبر قارچشناسی شناسایی و بیماری زایی آن در شرایط گلخانه اثبات شد. ابتدا در شرایط آزمایشگاهی توانایی بازدارندگی از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر توسط قارچ های Trichodermaharzianum و T. viride در کشت متقابل و اثر متابولیت های فرار گازی این قارچ های آنتاگونیست بررسی شد. سپس تاثیر کاربرد انفرادی و تلفیقی دو گونه Trichoderma و قارچ کش تریادیمنول در مهار بیماری پاخوره در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی دارای 16 تیمار و 4 تکرار در شرایط گلخانه بررسی و شدت بیماری و شاخص های رشدی در تیمارها ثبت و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل های آماری قرار گرفتند. بررسی های آزمایشگاهی نشان داد که هردو گونه Trichoderma از طریق مکانیسم های مختلف باعث متلاشی شدن و بازداری رشد میسیلیوم قارچ G.graminis شدند. تلفیق تریادیمنول و دو قارچ آنتاگونیست، قارچ کش تریادیمنول، کاربرد انفرادی T. harzianum و T. viride یک ماه بعد از کاشت به ترتیب باعث کاهش 70/60%، 58%، 47/06% و 47/06% شدت بیماری پاخوره گندم در گلخانه شدند. عوامل بیوکنترل Trichoderma و تلفیق کنترل شیمیایی با قارچ آنتاگونیست می تواند رهیافتی امید بخش در مهار بیماری پاخوره گندم باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کلمات کلیدی: بیوکنترل؛ آنتاگونیست؛ گندم؛ Gaeumannomyces؛ Trichoderma | ||
مراجع | ||
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