امکان اندازه‌گیری مقدار رطوبت خاک‌های درشت‌بافت شور به روش انعکاس‌سنج تأخیر زمانی (TDR) با حسگر تماسی پوشش‌دار

Abdullah, N. H. H., Kuan, N.W., Ibrahim, A., Ismail, B.N., Majid, M.R.A., Ramli, R. & Mansor, N.S. (2020). Determination of soil water content using Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) for clayey soil. AIP Conference Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5062642

Ajakesh Company n.d. Single-layer thermal coating for general use[Online]. http://woer.ir. [verified 14 November 2025]. (In Persian)

Alissgharzad, N. (2000). Study of distribution and population density of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in saline soils of Tabriz plain and determination of their effects on improving onion and barley tolerance to salinity stress. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Persian with English Abstract)

Dane, J.H. & G.C. Topp. (2002). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 4. Physical Methods. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Publisher, USA. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.4

Dobson, M. C., Ulaby, F. T., Hallikainen, M.T. & El-Rayes, M.A. (1985). Microwave dielectric behaviour of wet soil, Part II: Dielectric mixing models. Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1985.289498

Eskandari, Z. & Bahmanpour, M. (2003). Determination of electrical conductivity of water and soil using TDR. Proceedings of the Third Aquifer Recharge Conference, Urmia, pp. 2–14. (In Persian) 

Hook, W. R. & Livingston, N.J. (1995). Propagating velocity errors in Time Domain Reflectometry measurement of soil water. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59, 92–96.

Hunduma, S. & Kebede, G. (2020). Indirect methods of measuring soil moisture content using different sensors. African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 12(3), 37–55. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.ajbas.2020.37.55

Jacobsen, O.J. & Schjonning, P. (1993). A laboratory calibration of time domain reflectometry for soil water measurement including effects of bulk density and texture. Journal of Hydrology, 5, 147-157.

Jamali, S., Rahimi Aghcheshmeh, F. & Amiri, M.J. (2023). Effect of soil texture and Zeitonik conditioner on the accuracy of soil moisture measurement using time domain reflectometry. Journal of Water Management in Agriculture, 10(2), 73–84. (In Persian with English Abstract) https://wmaj.iaid.ir/article_181592.html?lang=en

Kamali, K. & Mehdian, M. (2009). Study of constructing buried sensors of TDR device and evaluating their performance in soil moisture estimation. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 1(2), 111–119. (In Persian with English Abstract)

Keshavarz, M., Nazemi, E.M., Sadreddini, S.A., Nishabouri, M.R., Naseri, A. & Fakhri‑Fard, A. (2013) Effect of soil texture on accuracy of time domain reflectometry method in estimating soil moisture. Scientific‑Research Quarterly of Irrigation and Water Engineering, Year 3, No. 11. (In Persian)

Namdar Khojasteh, D., Sharafa, M., Eskandari, Z. & Fazeli Sangani, M. (2011). Effect of clay content and soil salinity on volumetric moisture measured by time domain reflectometry, Journal of Soil Research (Soil and Water Sciences), 25(2), 103–112. (In Persian with English Abstract) https://doi.org/10.22092/ijsr.2011.126475

Niknejad, D., Pirvan, H.P., Kamali, K., Hosseinpour, M., Majnooni Haris, A., Naseri, A. & Talebi, S. (2022). Design and calibration of coated sensors for TDR device to measure soil moisture in saline soils. Final Report, Soil and Watershed Conservation Research Institute, Report No. 63064. (In Persian)

Niknejad, D., Roghani, M., Kalantari Oskuei, A., Kamali, K., Khani, M. & Mirmohammadi, H. (2017). Calibration of domestic buried sensors for TDR device model TRASE‑1X6050 under different soil textures and salinities. Final Report, Soil and Watershed Conservation Research Institute, Report No. 52585. (In Persian)

Or, D. & Wraith, J.M. (1999). Temperature effects on soil bulk dielectric permittivity measured by time domain reflectometry: A physical model. Water Resources Research, 35(2), 371–833. https://doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900008

Pandey, G., Robert, J. & Ratnesh, K. (2018). Agricultural Cyber-Physical System: In-Situ Soil Moisture and Salinity Estimation by Dielectric Mixing. IEEE, Volume 6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2862634

Rhoades, J.D., Manteghi, N.A., Shouse, P.J. & Alves, W.J. (1989). Soil electrical conductivity and salinity: new formulations and calibrations. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 53, 433–439. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300020020x

Roghani, M., Emamjomeh, S.R. & Kamali, K. (2011). Feasibility study of constructing buried sensors of TDR device and performance evaluation in soil moisture measurement. Iranian Journal of Watershed Science and Engineering, 17(5), 53–62. (In Persian with English Abstract)

Roth, K., Schulin, R., Fluhler, H. & Attinger, W. (1990). Calibration of TDR for water content measurement using a composite dielectric approach. Water Resources, 26(10), 2267– 2273. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i010p02267

Saadat, S., Rezaei, H., Esmaeilnejad, L., Mirkhani, R. & Bagheri, Y. R. (1402). Salinity map of agricultural soils of Iran. Publications of Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran. Available online at: http://www.swri.ir.org (In Persian)

Sabouri Azad, A.R. (2021). Production and application of electrostatic powder coatings based on nanotechnology, Available at: https://indnano.ir/wp-content/uploads. (In Persian)

Schanz, T., Baille, W.  & Tuan, L.N. (2011). Effects of temperature on measurements of soil water content with time domain reflectometry. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 34(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ103152

Shang, J.Q. (1994). Quantitative determination of potential distribution in Stern-Gouy double layer Model. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 31, 624-636. https://doi.org/10.1139/t94-075

Sparks R.L. (1996). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. Book Series No. 5, SSSA and ASA, Madison, WI, USA. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3

Sun, Z.J., Young, G.D., McFarlane, R. & Chambers, B.M. (2000). The effect of soil electrical conductivity on moisture determination using time domain reflectometry in sandy soil. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 80(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.4141/S98-089

1. (2016). Technology of shrinkable products [Online]. Available at: http://woer.ir. [verified 14 November 2025]. (In Persian) 

Tokova, L., Igaz, D., & Aydin, E. (2019). Measurement of volumetric water content by gravimetric and time domain reflectometry methods at field experiment with biochar and N fertilizer. Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae, 22(2), 61–64. https://doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2019-0011

Topp, G.C., Davis, J.L. & Annan, A.P. (1980). Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurement in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resources Research, 16(3), 574–582. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR016i003p00574

TRASE SYSTEM. (1996). Manual for Soil Moisture Measurement. Version 2000 Software. [Online]. http://www.soilmoisture.com [verified 14 November 2025]. 

White, I., Knight, J.H., Zegelin, S.J. & Topp, G.C. (1994). Comments on ‘Consideration on the use of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for measuring soil water content by W.R. Whalley’. European Journal of Soil Science, 45, 503–508. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1994.tb00536.x

Wyseure, G.C.L., Mojid, M.A. & Malik, M.A. (1997). Measurement of volumetric water content by TDR in saline soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 48, 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1997.tb00555.x

Xiao, T., Jingwei, W., Jiesheng, H., Mousong, W. & Wenzhi, Z. (2018). Design of a new TDR probe to measure water content and electrical conductivity in highly saline soils. Journal of Soils & Sediments, 18, 1087–1099. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-017-1838-6