تعداد نشریات | 44 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,303 |
تعداد مقالات | 16,020 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,489,731 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 15,217,378 |
بررسی سودمندی و کیفیت محصول تولیدی در کشت مخلوط کلزا (Brassica napus L.) و نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) تحت تأثیر نیتروژن | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 29، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 19-36 اصل مقاله (842.15 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رحمن داودیان1؛ جواد حمزه ئی* 2 | ||
1زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
از کشت مخلوط بهعنوان ابزاری سودمند جهت ارتقاء بهرهبرداری از منابع زیستمحیطی موجود، در مقایسه با بوم نظامهای زراعی کشت خالص یاد شده است. ازاینرو، پژوهشی بهصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران در سال زراعی 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل الگوی کشت خالص کلزا و کشت مخلوط با نخود و چهار سطح نیتروژن شامل صفر، 40، 80 و 120 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بودند. نخود نیز در دو حالت عدم مصرف نیتروژن و با مصرف 40 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بهصورت خالص کشت شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر نیتروژن و الگوی کشت بر صفات کلزا معنیدار بود، ولی اثر متقابل آنها معنیدار نبود. بیشترین مقادیر اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص کلروفیل، فتوسنتز، عملکرد دانه (304 گرم در مترمربع) و عملکرد روغن کلزا (129 گرم در مترمربع) با مصرف 120 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بدون تفاوت معنیدار با سطح کودی 80 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بهدست آمد. کشت خالص کلزا نیز از نظر تمامی صفات مورد بررسی به استثنای شاخص کلروفیل برگ در بالاترین سطح قرار گرفت. همچنین، کشت خالص نخود با دریافت 40 کیلوگرم نیتروژن بدون تفاوت معنیدار با عدم مصرف نیتروژن، بیشترین عملکرد دانه و پروتئین (بهترتیب 192 و 71 گرم در مترمربع) را داشت. کشت مخلوط عملکرد دانه کلزا و نخود را کاهش داد ولی شاخصهای مختلف، سودمندی کشت مخلوط نسبت به خالص را تأیید کردند. در تمام کشتهای مخلوط، نسبت برابری زمین بالاتر از یک بود. همچنین، عملکرد معادل کلزا در کشت مخلوط بیشتر از کشت خالص بود. کشت مخلوط کلزا - نخود با مصرف 120-80 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار، بیشترین کارایی استفاده از زمین و سودمندی را داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پروتئین؛ روغن کلزا؛ سودمندی کشت مخلوط؛ کیفیت؛ نسبت برابری زمین | ||
مراجع | ||
Agegnehu G, Ghizaw A, Sinebo W. 2006. Yield performance and land use efficiency of barley and fababean mixed cropping in Ethiopian highlands. European Journal of Agronomy. 25: 202–207.
Alizadeh Y, Koocheki A and Nassiri Mahallati M. 2009. Yield, yield components and potential weed control of intercropping bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). Iranian Journal of Agronomic Research, 7: 541-553. (In Persian).
Bani saeidi AK and Modhaj A. 2009. Evaluate the effects of different levels of nitrogen and plant density on yield and yield components of Brassica napus environmental conditions Ahvaz. Crop Science Plant, 4 (2): 57-66. (In Persian).
Banik P, Midya A, Sarkar BK, and Ghose SS. 2006. Wheat and Chickpea intercropping Systems in an additive series experiment: advantages and weed smothering. European Journal of Agronomy. 24: 325-332.
Campiglia E, Mancinelli R, Radicetti E and Baresel JP. 2014. Evaluating spatial arrangement for durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and sub clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 169: 49–57.
Chapagain T and Riseman A. 2014. Barley–pea intercropping: Effects on land productivity, carbon and nitrogen transformations. Field Crops Research, 166: 18–25.
Crusciol CAC, Nascente AS, Mateus GP, Pariz CM, Martins PO and Borghi E. 2014. Intercropping soybean and palisade grass for enhanced land useefficiency and revenue in a no till system. European Journal of Agronomy, 58: 53–62.
Dahmardeh M, Ghanbari A, Syahsar BA and Ramrudi M. 2010. The role of intercropping maize (Zea maize L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) on yield and soil chemical properties. African Journal of Agriculture Research, 5: 631-636.
Du J, Han T, Gai J, Yong T, Sun X, Wang X, Yang F, Liu J, Shu K, Liu W and Yang W. 2018. Maize-soybean strip intercropping: Achieved a balance between high productivity and sustainability. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17(4): 747-754.
Dusa EM and Stan V. 2013. The effect of intercropping on crop productivity and yield quality of oat grain leguminous species pea and lentil cultivated in pure stand and mixtures in the organic agriculture system. European Scientific Journal, 9(21): 69-78.
Ekram AM, Sharaan AN, EL-Sherif AM. 2010. Effect of intercropping patterns on yield and its components of barley, lupin or chickpea grown in newly reclaimed soil. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 25(9): 437-452.
Eshgizadeh HR, Chaichi MR, Ghalavand A, Shabani G, Azizi K, Tourknejad A, Raeisi Yazdi H and Papizadeh A. 2007. Evaluation of annual medic and barley intercropping on forage yield and protein content in dry farming system. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 75: 102-112. (In Persian).
Esmaeil Y and Patwardhan AM. 2006. Physiological analysis of the growth and development of canola (Brassica nupus L.) under different chemical fertilizer application. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 5 (5): 745-752.
Fan X, Lin F and Kumar D. 2004. Fertilization with a new type of coated urea. Evaluation for nitrogen efficiency and yield in winter wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 25 (9): 853-865.
Fatahi Nazad A, siadat A, Esfandiari M, Moghadasi R and Moazi A. 2013. Effect of phosphorus fertilizer on yield, oil and protein in canola in dryland under soil phosphorus fertility groups. Crop Phisiology, 18: 83-100. (In Persian).
Fathi GH. 2006. Effects of drought and nitrogen on nitrogen remobilization in six wheat cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (36): 1093-1101. (In Persian).
Fuente EB, Suárez SA, Lenardis AE, Poggio SL. 2014. Intercropping sunflower and soybean in intensive farming systems. Evaluating yield advantage and effect on weed and insect assemblage. NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 165: 1–6.
Gao Y, Duan A, Qiu X, Liu Z, Suna J, Zhang J and Wang H. 2010. Distribution of roots and root length density in a maize/soybean strip intercropping system. Agricultural Water Management Journal, 98: 199–212.
Geren H, Vcioglu RA, Soya H and Kir B. 2008. Intercropping of corn with cowpea and bean: Biomass yield and silage quality. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 4100-4104.
Ghanbari A, Ghadiri H. Ghafari Moghadam M and Safari M. 2010. Evaluation of intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and cucurbit (Cucurbita sp.) and effect on weed control. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Sciences, 41: 43-55. (In Persian).
Gholipoori A, Javanshir A, Rahimzadeh Khoie F, Mohammdi A and Bayat H. 2006. The effect of different nitrogen levels and pruning of head on yield and yield components of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, 13: 40-44.
Ghosh PK, Tripathi AK, Bandyopadhyay KK and Manna MC. 2009. Assessment of nutrient competition and nutrient requirement in soybean/sorghum intercropping system. European Journal of Agronomy, 31: 43–50.
Goldoust Khorshidi M, Moradpoor S, Ranji A, Karimi B and Asri F. 2013. Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and Plant density on yield and yield components of canola. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4 (11): 2896-2900.
Gronle A, Lux G, Böhm H, Schmidtke K, Wild M, Demmel M, Brandhuber R, Wilbois K and Heß J. 2015. Effect of ploughing depth and mechanical soil loading on soil physical properties, weed infestation, yield performance and grain quality in sole and intercrops of pea and oat in organic farming. Soil and Tillage, 148: 59–73.
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2012. Determination of the best intercropping combination of wheat and rapeseed based on agronomic indices, total yield and land use equivalent ratio. Crop Production and Processing, 2(5): 109-119. (In Persian).
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2015. Evaluation of the effects of intercropping systems on yield performance, land equivalent ratio and weed control efficiency. Agriculture Research, 4, 202–207.
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2016. Energy use and input–output costs for sunflower production in sole and intercropping with soybean under different tillage systems. Soil and Tillage Research, 157: 73.82.
Hamzei J and Seyedi, M. 2014. Study of canopy growth indices in mono and intercropping of chickpea and barley under weed competition. Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, Special Issue: 75-90. (In Persian).
Hamzei J, Seyedi M, Ahmadvand G and Aboutalebian MA. 2012. Effect of intercropping on weed control, yield component and yield of chickpea and barley. Crop Production and Processing. 2(3): 43-55. (In Persian)
Hauggaard-Nielsen H, Peoples MB and Jensen ES. 2011. Faba bean in cropping systems. Grain Legum, 56: 32-33.
Hopkins WG. 2004. Introduction to plant physiology (3rd Ed.). John Wiely and Sons. New York. PP. 557.
Jahangiri H, Tohidi Nejad E, Torabi M and Golkar P. 2015. Evaluation of yield, land equivalent Ratio (LER) and silage quality related traits in oat (Avena sativa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) intercropping. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(2): 373-384. (In Persian).
Kazemeini SA, Hamzehzarghani H and Edalat M. 2010. The impact of nitrogen and organic matter on winter canola seed yield and yield components. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 4 (5): 335-342.
Khajehpour MR. 2009. Principles and Fundamentals of Crop Production. Third edition, Jahad-e- Daneshgahi. Press of Isfahan University of Technology, Pp: 636. (In Persian).
Lithourgidis AS, Vlachostergios DN, Dordas CA and Damalas CA. 2011. Dry matter yield, nitrogen content, and competition in pea-cereal intercropping systems. European Journal of Agronomy, 34: 287-294.
Majnoun Hosseini N. 2008. Agronomy and production of legume. Jahad Daneshgahi Press. Tehran, Iran. Pp: 284. (In Persian).
Mashhadi T, Nakhzari Moghaddam A and Sabouri H. 2015. Investigation of competition indices in intercropping of wheat and chickpea under nitrogen consumption. Journal of Agroecology, 7(3): 344-355. (In Persian).
Moradi M, Motamed MK, Azarpour E and Khosravi Danesh R. 2012. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density management in corn farming. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 7(2): 133-137. (In Persian).
Mosavian SN, Lorzadeh S, Ebrahimpour F and Chaab A. 2010. Effect of Nitrogen and Intercropping Ratios on Grain Yield and Some Morphological Traits of Corn and Sunflower in North Khouzestan. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8(4): 708-716. (In Persian).
Namvar A, Seyed Sharifi R and Khandan T. 2011. Growth analysis and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in relation to organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilization. Ekologija, 57(3): 97–108.
Pooramir F, Koocheki AR, Nassiri Mahallati M and Ghorbani R. 2010. Assessment of sesame and chickpea yield and yield components in the replacement series intercropping. Iranian Journal of Agronomic Research, 8: 747-757. (In Persian).
Pritchard FM, Eagles HA, Norton RM, Salisbury PA and Nicolas M. 2000. Environmental effects on seed composition of Victorian canola. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 40: 679-685.
Rabiei M and Tosi Kohal P. 2011. Effects of nitrogen and potassium levels on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of canola as a second crop after rice in Gilan. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 3 (44): 605-615. (In Persian).
Rezaei Chianeh E, Dabagh Mohammadinasab A, Shakiba MR. Ghasemi Golazani K and Aharizade S. 2010. Evaluation of light interception and canopy characteristics in mono-cropping and intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Journal of Agroecology, 2(3): 437-447. (In Persian).
Rezaei Chianeh E, Khorramdel S and Garachali P. 2015. Evaluation of relay intercropping of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) on their yield and land use efficiency. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(1): 183-196. (In Persian).
Sarhaddi M, Zand E, Baghestani MA and Mohtasebi R. 2010. Investigating on the effect of different corn (Zea mays L.) planting methods on weed management, corn growth indices and yield. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 88: 78-86. (In Persian).
Scalise A, Tortorella D, Pristeri A, Petrovicova B, Gelsomino A, Lindstrom K and Monti M. 2015. Legume barley intercropping stimulates soil N supply and crop yield in the succeeding durum wheat in a rotation under rainfed conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 89: 150-161.
Shaygan M, Mazaheri D, Rahimian Mashhadi H and Peyghambari SA. 2008. Effect of planting date and intercropping maize and foxtail millet on their grain yield and weeds control. Journal of Crop Sciences, 10: 31-46. (In Persian).
Singh Rajesh K, Kumar H and Singh Amitesh K. 2010. Brassica based intercropping systems. Reviews in Agricultural Science, 31(4): 6-11.
Siosemardeh H, Fateh H, Badakhshan H. 2014. Responses of Photosynthesis, Cell Membrane Stability and Antioxidative Enzymes to Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilizer in Two Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Cultivars under Controlled Condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(2): 215-228. (In Persian).
Vrignon-Brenas S, Celette F, Piquet-Pissaloux A, Corre-Hellou G and David C. 2018. Intercropping strategies of white clover with organic wheat to improve the trade-off between wheat yield, protein content and the provision of ecological services by white clover. Field Crops Research, 224: 160-169.
Yan S, Du X, Wu F, Li L, Li C and Meng Z. 2014. Proteomics insights into the basis of interspecific facilitation for maize (Zea mays) in faba bean (Vicia faba)/ maize intercropping. Journal of Proteomics, 109: 111-124.
Yoseftabar S, Fallah A and Daneshian J. 2012. Effect of split application of nitrogen fertilizer on spad valuse in hybrid rice. Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research, 4: 647-651. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 625 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 615 |