تعداد نشریات | 44 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,303 |
تعداد مقالات | 16,020 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,489,866 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 15,217,426 |
بررسی تغییرات ترکیب شیمیایی و روند تجزیهپذیری شکمبهای نشاسته و پروتئین خام ارقام مختلف دانه جو پرتوتابی شده با اشعه گاما | ||
پژوهش های علوم دامی (دانش کشاورزی) | ||
مقاله 11، دوره 29، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 153-173 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
الناز پیرعدل؛ رسول پیرمحمدی؛ حامد خلیلوندی* | ||
گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
زمینه مطالعاتی: عملآوری غیرحرارتی دانه جو میتواند سبب کاهش خطرات احتمالی اسیدوز شود. هدف: پژوهش حاضر، بهمنظور بررسی روند تجزیهپذیری نشاسته و پروتئین خام ارقام مختلف دانه جو پرتوتابی شده با گاما و نحوه توزیع پروتئین در سیستم کربوهیدرات و پروتئین خالص کرنل و سیستم پروتئین متابولیسمی انجام شد. روشکار: کنتیک و زیستسنجههای تجزیهپذیری شکمبهای نشاسته و پروتئین خام ارقام جو ماکویی، بهمنآبی و سهند پس از پرتودهی با اشعه گاما در دوزهای 50 ، 100 و 150 کیلوگری بهروش کیسههای نایلونی با استفاده از سه رأس گوسالههای نر نژاد هلشتاین مجهز به فیستولای شکمبهای در ساعات 0، 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 24 و 48 ساعت و در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در دو انکوباسیون مجزا تعیین شد. نتایج: تجزیه واریانس نشاندهندهی تأثیر کاهنده و معنیدار پرتوتابی در سطوح مختلف بر میزان تجزیهپذیری موثر نشاسته و پروتئین در شکمبه و وجود اختلاف معنیداری (05/0p <) بین ارقام مختلف بود. در بین ارقام مختلف مورد مطالعه، زیستسنجههای مختلف تجزیهپذیری ماده خشک، پروتئین و نشاسته رقم جوی سهند بیش از سایر ارقام تحت تأثیر عملآوری قرار گرفت. عملآوری ارقام مختلف دانه جو با پرتوهای گاما سبب کاهش بخش سریع تجزیه و افزایش بخش کند تجزیه شد(05/0p <). تفاوت در پاسخ ارقام مختلف جو به پرتوتابی با امواج گاما مشاهده شد بهطوری که بهترین پاسخ در تأثیرگذاری بر فراسنجههای ارزش غذایی در راستای بهبود تخمیر شکمبهای، تجزیهپذیری پروتئین، نشاسته و افزایش مقادیر نشاسته و پروتئین ورودی به روده باریک را میتوان پرتوتابی در دز 50 کیلوگری دانست. نتیجهگیری کلی: پرتوتابی گاما میتواند مانند سایر روشهای متداول عملآوری برای کاهش تجزیهپذیری ماده خشک، نشاسته و پروتئین شکمبهای و افزایش نشاسته و پروتئین عبوری قابل هضم در راستای بهبود تخمیر شکمبه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
گاما؛ نشاسته؛ دانه جو؛ تجزیهپذیری؛ عملآوری | ||
مراجع | ||
AOAC, 2000. Official methods of analysis, 17 thed. Association of official analytical chemists, MD, USAAssociation of Analytical Communities.
Agricultural Food Research Council, 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. In:AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Al-Masri, M. R. 1999. In vitro digestible energy of some agricultural residues, as influenced by gamma irradiation and sodium hydroxide. Applied Radiation Isotopes. 50: 295-301.
Al-Masri MR and Zarkawi M, 1999. Changes in digestible energy values of some agricultural residues treated with gamma irradiation. Applied Radiation Isotopes. 50: 883-885.
Al-Masri MR and Guenther KD,1999. Changes in digestibility and cell-wall constituents of some agricultural by-products due to gamma irradiation and urea treatments. Radiation Physics Chemistry 55: 323-329.
Al-Masri MR and Zarkawi, 1994. Effects of gamma irradiation on cell-wall constituents of In vitro digestible energy of some agricultural residues as influenced by gamma irradiation and sodium hydroxide. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 50: 295-301.
Arieli A, Bruckental I, Kedar O and Sklan D, 1995. In Sacco disappearance of starch nitrogen and fat in processed grains. Animal Feed Science and Technology 51: 287-295.
Arvanitoyannis IS, 2010. Irradiation of food commodities: techniques, applications, detection, legislation, safety and consumer opinion. Elsevier’s Science and Technology Rights Department in Oxford, Ioannis Arvanitoyannis, eBook, UK. [On-line]. www.elsevierdirect.com.
Baldwin PM, 2001. Starch granule-associated proteins & polypeptids: A review. Starch 53:475-503.
Bengochea WL, Lardy GP, Bauer ML and Navarro SA, 2005. Effect of grain processing degree on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation and performance characteristics of steers fed medium-concentrate growing diets. Journal ofAnimal Science. 83:2815-2825.
Cho Y, Yang JS and Song KB, 1999. Effect of ascorbic acid and protein concentration on the molecular weight profile of bovine serum albumin and b-lactoglobulin and c-irradiation. Food Research International 32: 515-519.
Ciesla K, Roos Y and Gluszewski W, 2000. Denaturation processes in gamma irradiated proteins studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Radiation Physics Chemistry. 58: 233-243.
Ciesla K, 2003. Gamma irradiation influence on wheat flour gelatinization. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 74: 254-259.
Ciesla K, Gwardys E and Zoltowski T, 1991. Changes of relative crystallinity of potato starch under gamma irradiation. Starch/Starke, 43: 251-253.
Coblentz, W. K., J. O. Fritz, R. C. Cochran, W. L. Rooney, and K. K. Bolsen. 1997. Protein degradation responses to spontaneous heating in alfalfa hay evaluated by in situ and ficin methods. J. Dairy Science. 80:700–713.
Davies KJA and Delsignore ME, 1987. Protein damage and degradation by oxygen radicals III. Modification of secondary structure and tertiary structure. Journal of Biological Chemistry 262: 9908–9913.
Dann HM, Varga GA and Putnan DE, 1999. Improving energy supply late gestation and early postpartum dairy cows. Journal ofDairy Science 82: 1765-1778.
Ebrahimi SR, Nikkhah A and Sadeghi AA, 2010. Changes in nutritive value and digestion kinetics of canola
seed due to microwave irradiation. J Animal Science 23: 347–354.
Ebrahimi-Mahmoudabad SR and Taghinejad-Roudbaneh M, 2011. Investigation of electron beam irradiation effects on anti-nutritional factors, chemical composition and digestion kinetics of whole cottonseed, soybean and canola seeds. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 80 :1441-1447.
FAOSTAT,2015. The agricultural production domain. Available from: http:faostat.fao.org.site.339.default.aspx) January 31 2015. (
Fathi Nasri MH, France J, Danesh Mesgaran M and Kebreab E, 2008. Effect of heat processing on ruminal degradability and intestinal disappearance of nitrogen and amino acids in Iranian whole soybean. Journal of Livestock Science 113: 43-51.
Farag, MDEH, 1999. Effect of radiation and other processing methods on protein quality of sunflower meal. Journal of Science Food Agricultur 79: 1565-1570.
Gaber MH, 2005. Effect of g-irradiation on molecular properties of bovine serum albumin. Journal of Bioscience Bioengineering 100:203-206.
Gargallo S, Calsamiglia S and Ferret A, 2006. Technical note: A modified three step in vitro pr ocedure to determine intestinal digestion of proteins. Journal ofAnimal Science. 84: 2163- 2167.
Garrison WM, 1987. Reaction mechanism in the radiolysis of peptides, polypeptides, and proteins. Journal of Chemistry Review 87: 381-398.
Ghanbari F, Ghoorchi T, Shawrang P, Mansouri H and Torbati-Nejad NM, 2012. Comparison of electron beam and gamma ray irradiations effects on ruminal crude protein and amino acid degradation kinetics, and in vitro digestibility of cottonseed meal. Radiation Physics Chemistry 81: 672-678.
Ghezeljeh AE, MesgaranDM, Moghaddam NH and Vakili A, 2011. Bulk density, chemical composition and in vitro gas production parameters of Iranian barley grain cultivars grown at different selected climates. African Journal of Agricultural Research,6: 1226-1232.
Gholizadeh H, Naserian A A, Valizadeh RA and Tahmasbi M, 2017. Study of Carbohydrate and Protein Fractions in Different Barley Cultivars Using Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research Vol. 8, No. 4, p. 541-552. (in Persian).
Ghorbani B, Ghoorchi T, Shawrang P and Zerehdaran S, 2017. Effects of different level of Gamma Irradiation on barley and soybean seeds on rumen degradation rate and performance of lambs. Research on Animal Poduction. Vol. 8, No. 15. (in Persian).
Han, Y. W., Catalano, E. A. and Ciegler, A. 1983. Chemical and physical properties of sugarcane bagasse irradiated with gamma rays. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 31 (1): 34–38
LeeYS, Lee JW, Kim JH, Kim DS and Byun MW, 2003. Effects of gamma irradiation on physicochemical and textural properties of starches. Food Science and Biotechnology.12: 508-512.
Lee Maire M, Thauvette L, De Foresta B, Viel A, Beauregard G and Potier M, 1990. Effects of ionizing radiations on proteins. Biochemistry Journal. 267:431-439.
Licitra G, Hernandez T and Van Soest P, 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 57: 347-358.
Lowton J E.1952. Effect of high- energy cathode rays on cellulose. Indian Chernistry. 44; 2848.
Lykos T and Varga GA, effects of processing method on degradation characteristics of protein & carbohydrate sources in situ. 1995. Journal ofDairy Science. 78 (8): 1789- 801.
Mani, V. and P. Chandra. 2003. Effect of feeding irradiated soybean on nutrient intake, digestibility and N-balance in goats. Small. Rum. Res. 48: 77-81.
McAllister T and Cheng KJ, 1992. Effect of Formaldehydetreated barley or escape protein on nutrient digestibility growth and carcass traits of feedlot lambs. Can. Journal of Animal Science 72:309-316.
MacAllister TA, Rode Lm, Cheng KJ, Schaefer DM and Vossterton JW. 1990. Morphological study of the digestion of barley and maize grain by rumen microorganisms. Animal Feed Science and Technology 30 (1-2), 91- 105.
McMannusWR, Manta L, McFarlane JD and Gray AC, 1972. The effect of diet supplementation and g-irradiation on dissimilation of low-quality roughages by ruminants. I. Studies on the terylene- bag technique and effects of supplementation of base ration. Journal of Agricultural Science (Cambridge), 79: 27-40.
Mathison G, 1996. "Effects of processing on the utilization of grain by cattle." Animal feed science and technology 58 (1): 113-125.
Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayes PA and Rodwell VW, 2003. Harper's Biochemistry. 26th ed., McGrawHil New York, USA.
Nocek JE and S Tamminga, 1991. Site of digestion of starch in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows and its effect on milk yield a composition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3598-3629.
Orskov E R, 1986. Starch digestion and utilization in ruminants. Journal of Animal Scince 63:1624-1633.
Owens FN, Zinn RA & Kim YK, (1986). Limits to starch digestion in the ruminant small intestine. Journal of Animal Science, 63: 1634-1648.
Parrott, J.C., S. Mehen, and W.H. Hale. 1969. Digestibility of dry rolled and steam processed flaked barley. J. Anim Sci 28: 425-428.
Rosa J & Barbosa-Canovas GV,2003. Nonthermal preservation of foods using combined processing techniques. Crit. Rev. Feed Science Nutrition., 43, 265 -285.
Rose R, Rose C, Steven K, omi keith R Forry, Daniel M, Durall and Bigg WL, 1991. Starch determination by perchloric acid vs enzymes: evaluating the accuracy and precision of six colorimetric methods. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 39, 2- 11.
Sadeghi AA and Shawrang P, 2008. Effects of microwave irradiation on ruminal dry matter, protein and starch degradation characteristics of barley grain. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 141:184-194.
Sarvari S, Hosseinkhani A, Taghizadeh A, Janmohammadi H, Daghighkia H and Mohammadzadeh H.2015. The effects of variety and time of roasting on chemical composition and estimate fermentation and physical parameters of barley grain using invitro gas production technique. Journal of Animal Science Research (Agricultural Science), Vol. 25, No. 3. (in Persian)
SAS, 2002. Version 9.1 SAS.STAT user’s guide. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
Shahbazi HR, Sadeghi AA, Fazaeli H, Raisali G, Chamani M and Shawrang P, 2008. Effects of electron beam irradiation on ruminal NDF and ADF degradation characteristics of barley straw. Jornal of Animal Veterinary Advances. 7(4): 464-468.
Shawrang P & Sadeghi AA, 2007. Effects of gamma irradiation on protein degradation of safflower meal in the rumen. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science. University of York, UK. pp 168.
Shawrang P & Sadeghi AA, 2008. Effects of gamma irradiation on protein degradation characteristics of pea. Proceedings, the British Society of Animal Science. 31 March-2 April, 2008, Scarborough. pp. 217.
Shawrang P, Nikkhah A, Sadeghi AA, Zareh A and Raisali G, 2006. Monitoring the fate of gamma irradiated canola meal proteins in the rumen. Journal of Animal Science. 84, Suppl. 1/ Journal of Dairy Science 89. (Suppl.1). pp. 368.
Taghinejad M,2009. Nutritional quality of gamma and electron beam-irradiated canola meal. EAAP-60th Annual Meeting, August 24-27, 2009, Barcelona, Spain. pp. 570.
Takacs E and Wojnarouits L, 1999. Effect of gamma irradiation on cotton cellulose. Radiation Physics Chemistry. 55: 663 – 666.
Taub, I.A., F.M. Robbins, M.G. Simic, J.E. Walker and E. Wierbick. 1979. Effect of irradiation on meat proteins”. Food Technology 33, 184-193.
Theurer CB, 1986. Grain processing effects on starch utilization by ruminants. Journal of Animal Science 63:1649-1662.
Tothi R, 2003. Processed grains as a supplement to lactating dairy cows. PhD Thesis. Wageningen University Wageningen the Netherlands.
Van Soest PJ, 1994. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminants. 2nd Edition. Cornell University Press. NY. USA.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA, 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.
Vanzant E, Cochran S and Titgemeyer EC, 1998. Standardization of in situ techniques for ruminant feed stuff evaluation. Journal of Animal Science 76: 2717- 2729.
Wang Y, Greer D and T A McAllister. 2003. Effects of moisture, roller setting and saponin-based surfactant on barley processing, ruminal degradation of barley and growth performance by feedlot steers. Journal of Dairy Science 81: 2145-2154.
Yang W Z, K A Beauchemin, and L M Rode. 2000. Effects of barley grain processing on extent of digestion and milk production of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 83:554-568. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 491 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 384 |