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بازتاب کرچک (Ricinus communis L.) به محلولپاشی نانو کلات روی و اسید هیومیک در شرایط محدودیت آبیاری | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 11، دوره 29، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 153-171 اصل مقاله (706.99 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علی رهبری1؛ جعفر مسعود سینکی* 2؛ علی دماوندی2؛ شهرام رضوان2 | ||
1رشته زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران | ||
2دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی پاسخهای فیزیولوژیکی کرچک به محلولپاشی با نانو کلات روی و اسید هیومیک تحت شرایط محدودیت آبیاری، آزمایشی بهصورت اسپلیت-فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در منطقه دامغان در سال زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. آبیاری بهعنوان فاکتور اصلی در سه سطح شامل آبیاری نرمال (شاهد)، آبیاری تا مرحله BBCH75 (تنش ملایم) و آبیاری تا مرحله BBCH65 (تنش شدید) و ترکیب محلولپاشی غلظتهای مختلف اسید هیومیک (عدم مصرف، مقدار توصیه شده و دو برابر مقدار توصیه شده) و نانو کلات روی (کاربرد و عدم کاربرد) بهعنوان فاکتور فرعی این آزمایش بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تیمار آبیاری، اسید هیومیک و نانو کلات روی بر تعداد کپسول، تعداد دانه، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن و محتوای کلروفیل معنیدار بودند. آبیاری تا BBCH65 منجر به کاهش 9/11، 9/34 ، 2/24، 9/24 و 7/51 درصدی وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی، درصد و عملکرد روغن در مقایسه با تیمار آبیاری نرمال شد. با کاربرد اسید هیومیک به مقدار توصیه شده، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (8/2098 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به دست آمد. محلولپاشی نانو کلات روی نیز به افزایش 3/14، 4/8 و 4/18 درصدی تعداد دانه، وزن صد دانه و عملکرد دانه منجر شد. بیشترین درصد روغن (4/45 درصد) و عملکرد روغن (3/943 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در آبیاری نرمال به دست آمد. عدم کاربرد اسید هیومیک و همچنین آبیاری تا BBCH65 محتوای کلروفیل برگ را کاهش داد. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز در شرایط عدم مصرف نانو کلات روی و مصرف دو برابری اسید هیومیک تحت شرایط آبیاری تا BBCH65 مشاهده شد. درصد روغن دانه با صفات عملکردی و میزان کلروفیل کل همبستگی مثبت و با فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدان همبستگی منفی و معنیدار داشت. نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که متغیرهای تعداد کپسول، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن از اصلیترین عوامل مؤثر بر درصد روغن دانه بودهاند. بهطور کلی، محلولپاشی اسید هیومیک به مقدار توصیه شده و نانو کلات روی، صفات رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی کرچک را بهبود بخشید و تحمل گیاه به محدودیت آبیاری را افزایش داد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی؛ روغن دانه؛ رنگدانههای فتوسنتزی؛ مقیاس BBCH؛ نانو کود | ||
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