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پاسخ فیزیولوژیک و زراعی ژنوتیپهای کلزا (Brassica napus L.) به تنش خشکی انتهای فصل در شرایط اقلیمی کرج | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 29، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 79-95 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حامد عینی نرگسه1؛ مجید آقا علیخانی* 1؛ امیر حسین شیرانیراد2؛ علی مختصی بیدگلی1؛ سیدعلی مدرس ثانوی1 | ||
1گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
2موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی انتهای فصل بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزا یک آزمایش مزرعهای دوساله (1394-1396) در موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج انجام شد. آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری کامل در طول فصل رشد و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجیندهی تا انتهای فصل رشد) و 17 ژنوتیپ جدید کلزا بودند. برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک مرتبط با تنش خشکی از قبیل محتوای نسبی آب برگ، کلروفیل کل و میزان پرولین، همچنین عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه کلزا اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج نشان دادند مقدار کلروفیل کل در شرایط قطع آبیاری نسبت به آبیاری نرمال 65/21 درصد کاهش داشت و مقدار پرولین برگ 04/28 درصد افزایش یافت. بر اساس یافتههای این تحقیق، ارقام برتر لزوماً از لحاظ مقدار پرولین برتر نبودند. بر اساس میانگین دو ساله بیشترین عملکرد دانه در بین ژنوتیپهای مختلف کلزا در شرایط آبیاری نرمال متعلق به ژنوتیپ Artist (25/5043 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و در شرایط قطع آبیاری متعلق به ژنوتیپهای L72 و HL3721 (به ترتیب 25/3915 و 45/3892 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. شایان ذکر است این برتری عمدتا در اثر افزایش ظرفیت مخزن ( تعداد خورجین در بوته، طول خورجین و تعداد دانه در خورجین) و برتری مقدار کلروفیل و محتوای نسبی آب برگ بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
انتقال مجدد؛ تنظیم اسمزی؛ فتوسنتز؛ عملکرد دانه؛ محتوای نسبی آب | ||
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