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عملکرد و اسیدهای چرب بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantia iberica Fischer & C.A. Meyer) در کشت مخلوط با خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.) تحت تاثیر مالچ و کود زیستی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 29، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1398، صفحه 51-66 اصل مقاله (1.24 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
عسل روحی ساوالان* ؛ جلیل شفق کلوانق؛ عادل دباغ محمدی نسب؛ محمود رضا سعیدی | ||
گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
چکیده | ||
رویکرد جهانی در تولید گیاهان دارویی به سمت استفاده از نظامهای کشاورزی پایدار و روشهای مدیریتی نظیر کشت مخلوط، کاربرد کودهای زیستی و مالچ به منظور ارتقاء عملکرد میباشد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز در دو سال زراعی 1394 و 1395 اجرا شد. عامل اول شامل الگوی کشت در پنج سطح کشت خالص خرفه، کشت خالص بالنگوی شهری، کشت مخلوط افزایشی خرفه و بالنگوی شهری با نسبتهای 100:20، 100:40 و 100:60 بالنگو به خرفه، عامل دوم شامل مالچ کلش گندم در دو سطح با و بدون مالچ و عامل سوم شامل مصرف کود در دو سطح 100 درصد کود شیمیایی و مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی ازتوبارور1+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد روغن و اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع دانه در سیستم کشت مخلوط افزایشی 20 درصد بالنگوی شهری + 100 درصد خرفه مشاهده شد در حالیکه بیشترین میزان اسید پالمیتیک در کشت خالص بالنگو مشاهده شد. کاربرد مالچ بیشترین مقادیر عملکرد دانه و صفات رشدی را به خود اختصاص داد. همچنین در صورت جایگزینی کودهای زیستی با شیمیایی صفات کیفی و کمی بالنگوی شهری تحت تاثیر قرار نگرفت، به عبارت دیگر میتوان از مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی + 50 درصد کود شیمیایی استفاده نمود. بیشترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین و ضریب ازدحام نسبی در سیستم کشت مخلوط افزایشی 40 درصد بالنگوی شهری + 100 درصد خرفه تحت تیمار مصرف تلفیقی کود زیستی بعلاوه 50 درصد کود شیمیایی به همراه مصرف مالچ کلش گندم در سال دوم آزمایش حاصل شد. به نظر میرسد سیستم کشت مخلوط (100:40) و کاربرد کودهای زیستی و مالچ را میتوان بعنوان یک روش زراعی مناسب برای کاهش مصرف نهادههای شیمیایی و افزایش عملکرد برای بالنگوی شهری پیشنهاد نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسیدهای چرب؛ ضریب ازدحام نسبی؛ کشت مخلوط؛ کود زیستی؛ مالچ | ||
مراجع | ||
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