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ارزیابی دو گونه ی بومی Trichoderma harzianum و Trichoderma atroviride علیه قارچ Plenodomus lingam عامل ساق سیاه کلزا در شرایط گلخانه | ||
پژوهش های کاربردی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 4، اسفند 1397، صفحه 73-86 اصل مقاله (964.56 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رحیمه اکبری1؛ فاختک طلیعی* 2؛ کامران رهنما3؛ زهرا وکیلی4 | ||
1موسسهی آموزش عالی غیر انتفاعی بهاران گرگان. | ||
2گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس | ||
3گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده ی تولید گیاهی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. | ||
4دانشآموخته ی دکتری گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده ی تولید گیاهی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. | ||
چکیده | ||
چکیده در این تحقیق تاثیر قارچهای Trichoderma harzianum و T. atrovirideعلیه P. lingamدر شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه بررسی شد. سنجش آزمایشگاهی به صورت آزمونهای کشت متقابل و تولید ترکیبات فرار انجام گردید. برای سنجش گلخانهای نیز از دو روش تیمار بذر با آنتاگونیست و مایهزنی اندام هوایی گیاهچههای کلزا با سوسپانسون اسپوری عوامل آنتاگونیست استفاده شد. آزمایش در قالب دو طرح کاملا تصادفی جداگانه با چهار تکرار انجام شد. درصد مرگومیر گیاهچهها و شدت آلودگی حاصل تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو گونه قارچ، توان آنتاگونیستی بالایی در برابر بیمارگر دارا بودند. در آزمون کشت متقابل، جدایهها اثر آنتاگونیستی بالایی بر رشد میسلیوم P. lingam نشان دادند. دو جدایهی T. harzianum و T. atrovirideرشد قارچ را به ترتیب 6/58 و 4/71 درصد مهار کردند. درصد بازدارندگی از رشد دو جدایه، در آزمون ترکیبات فرار 120 و 240 ساعت پس از کشت، به ترتیب 21-15 و 39-31 درصد تعیین شد. در آزمون گلخانهای هر دو گونه به طور معنیداری (01/0P<) شدت بیماری را نسبت به شاهد کاهش دادند. نتایج آزمایشهای گلخانهای نشان داد که در روش تیمار بذر، جدایههای آنتاگونیست به ترتیب 5/42 و 47 درصد بیماری را کاهش دادند. در تیمار اندامهای هوایی با جدایههای T. harzianum و T. atroviride، شدت بیماری به ترتیب 13/63 و 79/78 درصد کاهش یافت. بنابراین هر دو گونه پتانسیل قابل توجهی برای مهار زیستی بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا دارند ولی در مجموع گونه T. atrovirideموثرتر از گونه دیگر بر علیه این بیمارگر عمل کرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
واژه های کلیدی: آنتاگونیست؛ کلزا؛ Plenodomus lingam؛ Trichoderma harzianum؛ Trichoderma atroviridae | ||
مراجع | ||
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