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اثر روشهای مدیریت تلفیقی علفهای هرز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چیتی (.Phaseolus vulgaris L) | ||
| دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 28، شماره 4، زمستان 1397، صفحه 175-190 اصل مقاله (736.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
محمد بهگام1؛ روح اله امینی  2؛ عادل دباغ محمدی نسب2
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| 1رشته شناسایی و مبارزه با علفهای هرز، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| 2گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر روشهای مدیریتی بر علفهای هرز، عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چیتی (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)، آزمایشی در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 139۴ اجرا شد. طرح آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه‌ی طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار بود. فاکتور اول شامل مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علفهای هرز در چهار سطح شامل یک‌بار وجین دستی، مالچ کلش گندم، مالچ زنده گاودانه و بدون کنترل و فاکتور دوم کاربرد دزهای مختلف علفکش ایمازاتاپیر در چهار سطح صفر،50، 75 و 100 درصد دز توصیه شده بودند. همچنین تیمار عاری از علفهرز در کل فصل رشد نیز به عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای مختلف مدیریت علف هرز اثر معنی‌داری بر بیومس علف هرز، تعداد نیام در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه لوبیا در واحد سطح و درآمد ناخالص لوبیا داشتند. کمترین بیومس علفهرز (107 گرم در متر مربع) در ترکیب تیماری وجین دستی و مصرف 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر و بیشترین مقدار آن (511 گرم در متر مربع) در تیمار عدم کنترل بدست آمد. بیشترین تعداد نیام در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته و وزن صد دانه در ترکیب تیماری وجین دستی با مصرف 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر مشاهده شد. بیومس علف هرز در تیمار کاربرد 75 درصد ایمازاتاپیر به همراه وجین دستی تفاوت معنی داری با تیمار کاربرد 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر به همراه وجین دستی نداشت. کمترین بیومس علف هرز و بیشترین عملکرد دانه لوبیا در ترکیب تیماری وجین دستی و مصرف 100 درصد ایمازاتاپیر حاصل شد که تفاوت معنی‌دار با همان تیمار و مصرف 75 درصد ایمازاتاپیر نداشت. میتوان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از روشهای غیرشیمیایی مدیریت در تلفیق با دز کاهش یافته ایمازاتاپیر می تواند کارایی مناسبی در مدیریت علف هرز لوبیا چیتی داشته و مصرف علفکش را کاهش میدهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایمازاتاپیر؛ دز کاهش‌یافته؛ مالچ زنده؛ مالچ کلش؛ مدیریت غیرشیمیایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Integrated Weed Management Methods on Yield and Yield Components of Pinto Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Behgam1؛ Rouhollah Amini2؛ Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi-Nassab2 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the effect of management methods on weeds, grain yield and yield components of pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) an experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Agricultural Faculty, University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2015. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The first factor was non-chemical weed management at four levels including one hand weeding, wheat straw mulch, cowpea living mulch and no chemical control and the second factor was four levels of imazethapyr dose as 0, 50, 75 and 100 % of the recommended herbicide dose (1.0 L.ha-1). Also the weed-free treatment during whole season was considered as control. Results indicated that different weed management treatments had significant effect on weed biomass, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, pinto bean grain yield and gross income. The lowest weed biomass was obtained in 100% herbicide dose with hand weeding treatment (107 g.m-2) and the highest one observed in 0% herbicide dose with no management (511 g.m-2). The highest pod number per plant and grain number per plant were observed in 100% herbicide dose with hand weeding treatment. The weed biomass in 75% imazethapyr + hand weeding was not significantly different than that of 100% imazethapyr + hand weeding treatment The lowest weed biomass and highest pinto bean grain yield was obtained in 100% herbicide dose with hand weeding treatment that was not significantly different with 75% herbicide dose with the same treatment. We can conclude that application of non-chemical managements as integrated with reduced dose of imazethapyr could have suitable efficacy in weed management of pinto bean and reduce herbicide application. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Hand Weeding, Imazethapyr, Non-Chemical Management, Reduced Doses, Straw Mulch | ||
| مراجع | ||
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