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اثر کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای دامی و شیمیایی بر اسانس و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک بادرشبو در شرایط تنش کمبود آب | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 13، دوره 28، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 155-168 اصل مقاله (1.64 M) | ||
نویسندگان | ||
افسانه بدل زاده1؛ عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی* 2؛ محمد رفیعی الحسینی2؛ مهدی قبادی نیا3 | ||
1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
2استادیار گروه مهندسی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
3استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
چکیده | ||
مدیریت مصرف انواع کودهای دامی و شیمیایی و بقایای آنها در خاک از لحاظ تأثیرات زیست محیطی و عملکرد گیاهان بهویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک ایران حائز اهمیت است. این آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه سطح رژیم آبیاری شامل 100 (شاهد)، 75 و 50% نیاز آبی بهعنوان فاکتور اصلی و شش سطح مصرف کود شامل 1) عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) 2) 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی 3) 50% کود اوره + 50% دامی 4) 75% کود اوره + 25% دامی 5) 100% کود اوره و 6) 100% دامی بهعنوان فاکتور فرعی، با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال 1393 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که رژیم آبیاری 50% باعث کاهش غلظت کلروفیلهای a، b و کل، عملکرد اسانس سرشاخه گلدار، برگ و ساقه گردید؛ در حالیکه غلظت کاروتنوئیدها و پرولین را نسبت به شاهد بهترتیب 83 و 5/13 درصد افزایش داد. تیمارهای کودی 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی، 50% کود اوره + 50% دامی، 75% کود اوره + 25% دامی، 100% کود اوره و 100% دامی غلظت کاروتنوئیدها را نسبت به شاهد بهطور معناداری افزایش دادند بهطوریکه بیشترین غلظت کاروتنوئیدها با میانگین 35/1 میلیگرم در گرم در تیمار 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی بهدست آمد. همبستگی مثبت و معناداری نیز بین کلروفیل a، b، کل، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس برگ و عملکرد اسانس سرشاخه گلدار مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس ساقه، برگ و سرشاخه گلدار بهترتیب با میانگین 9/219، 2/103 و 7/92 گرم در مترمربع با کاربرد 50% کود اوره بههمراه 50% کود دامی و آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. بنابراین، برای دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد اسانس بادرشبو در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد، کاربرد 50% کود اوره بههمراه 50% کود دامی و آبیاری کامل توصیه میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسانس؛ بادرشبو؛ تنش کمبود آب؛ کاروتنوئیدها؛ مدیریت تغذیه گیاه | ||
مراجع | ||
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