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اثر کودهای زیستی بر برخی خصوصیات کمی و کیفی ماشک مراغه (Vicia sp.) در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 14، دوره 28، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 187-208 اصل مقاله (942.08 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سعید حیدرزاده1؛ جلیل جلیلیان* 2؛ علیرضا پیرزاد2؛ رشید جامعی3 | ||
1گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
3دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه ارومیه در دو سال زراعی (1395 و 1396) انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کشت دیم و یک بار آبیاری تکمیلی به عنوان فاکتور اول و تیمار کاربرد کودهای زیستی در هشت سطح شاهد (عدم کاربرد کود زیستی)، قارچ میکوریزا (Rhizophagus intraradices)، ازتوباکتر، تیوباسیلوس، ازتوباکتر+قارچ میکوریزا (R. Intraradices)، تیوباسیلوس+قارچ میکوریزا (R. intraradices)، ازتوباکتر+تیوباسیلوس و ترکیب ازتوباکتر+تیوباسیلوس+قارچ میکوریزا (R. intraradices) به عنوان فاکتور دوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد با انجام آبیاری تکمیلی تعداد غلاف در بوته، درصد فسفر دانه و محتوی رطوبت نسبی برگ افزایش یافت. اما بیشترین درصد پتاسیم و پروتئین دانه در شرایط دیم بدست آمد. همچنین تعداد غلاف در بوته، درصد فسفر، پتاسیم و پروتئین دانه و محتوی رطوبت نسبی برگ تحت تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی افزایش معنیداری یافتند. بطوری که کاربرد ترکیبی میکوریزا + ازتوباکتر، تعداد غلاف در بوته، درصد فسفر، پتاسیم و پروتئین دانه و محتوی رطوبت نسبی برگ ماشک را به ترتیب 55/15، 25/34، 20، 22/21 و 04/17 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. حداکثر کلونیزاسیون (45/63 درصد)، عملکرد زیستی (5/4986 کیلو گرم در هکتار)، عملکرد دانه (29/1873 کیلو گرم در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتئین (503 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شرایط انجام آبیاری تکمیلی و کاربرد ترکیبی قارچ میکوریزا و ازتوباکتر بدست آمد. با توجه به یافتههای این تحقیق، استفاده تلفیقی کودهای زیستی جهت افزایش عملکرد و حفظ تولید در دراز مدت در سیستم تلفیقی درخت-گیاه زراعی تحت شرایط دیم میتواند در راستای کشاورزی پایدار مطلوب باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ازتوباکتر؛ تیوباسیلوس؛ جنگل زراعی؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ میکوریزا | ||
مراجع | ||
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