آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 44 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,302 |
| تعداد مقالات | 15,913 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,189,505 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 14,967,253 |
language and philosophy: an analysis of the turn to the subject in modern philosophy with historical linguistic approach | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 13، شماره 28، آبان 1398، صفحه 263-274 اصل مقاله (431.27 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2019.8034 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| احمد حسینی* | ||
| دانشیار گروه فلسفه و حکمت اسلامی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| One of the main characteristics of the philosophy of Descartes which marked the starting point of modern philosophy and was continued by English empiricism and German Idealism is a special attention to the subject instead of cosmos, being or God. But what caused such a turn to subject? With a historical linguistic approach it can be shown that the replacement of old languages of philosophy namely Greek, Arabic and Latin language by modern European languages namely French, English and German can be one of the causes of that turn in the history of philosophy. It seems interesting that the change in modern European language occurred exactly at the same time the modern philosophy appeared. In this research we will concentrate on the word order and the possibility of the omission of the subject in the sentence. In modern European languages there is a insistence on the subject to appear at the beginning of the sentence. This can lead to a special attention to the subject in philosophical aspect. It may seem interesting that old languages of philosophy are null-subject languages in the sense that in these languages the subject can be omitted. In these languages the subject sometimes comes after the verb or even will not appear in the phrase. That may seem why in those languages a philosophy similar to modern philosophy did not appear. Finally it will be shown that the change in language did not confine to mere language and has important philosophical implications. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Modern philosophy؛ Modern European languages؛ medieval languages؛ ancient languages؛ Subject | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Alhawary, Mohammad T. (2007), "Null Subjects Use by English and Spanish Learners of Arabic as an L2". in Elabbas Benmamoun (ed.) Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XIX, Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing Company. - Axel, Katrin, (2007), Studies on Old High German Syntax, Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing Company. - Azar, Betty S.; Hagen, Stacy A., (2009), Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4th ed., New York, Pearson. - Bopp, Franz, (1989), Analytical Comparison of the Sanskrit, Greek, Latin and Teutonic Languages, Amsterdam Classics in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science, edited by E. F. Konrad Koerner, Vol. 3, Amsterdam, John Benjamin’s Publishing Company. - Bopp, Franz, (2009), A Comparative Grammar, edited by W. H. Wilson, volume 2, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. - Bradley, Peter T.; Mackenzie, Ian, (2004), Spanish an Essential Grammar, London, Routledge. - Casielles-Suarez, Eugenia, (2004), The Syntax-Information Structure Interface, Evidence From Spanish and English, New York, Routledge. - Copleston, Frederick S. J., (1960), A History of Philosophy. vol. 4. From Descartes to Leibniz, New York, Doubleday. - Cousin, M. Victor, (1852), Course of the History of Modern Philosophy, translated by O. W. Wright, Vol. II, New York: D. Appleton and CO. - Degraff, Michel (2005), "Morphology and Word Order in Creolization and Beyond", in Guglielmo Cinque and Richard S. Kayne (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Syntax. Oxford, Oxford University Press. - Dover, k. J., (1960), Greek Word Order, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. - Goodwin, William, W., (1900), A Greek Grammar, Boston, Ginn and Company. - Greenberg, Joseph H., (1966), “Some Universals of Grammar with Particular Reference to the Order of Meaningful Elements”, Universals of Language, edited by Joseph H. Greenberg, 2nd edition, Oxford, MIT Press. - Howell, Robert B., (2002), "The Older German Language", in A Companion to Middle High German Literature to the 14th Century, edited by Francis G. Gentry, Leiden, Brill. - Hulk, Aafke, Pollock, Jean-Yves, (2001), “Subject Positions in Romance and the Theory of Universal Grammar”, in Subject Inversion in Romance and the Theory of Universal Grammar, ed. by Aafke C. J. Hulk and Jean-Yves Pollock, Oxford: Oxford University Press. - Lepschy, Anna Laura; Lepschy, Giulio, (1988), The Italian Language Today, second edition, London, Routledge. - Ogawa, Yoshiki, (2001), A Unified Theory of Verbal and Nominal Projections, Oxford, Oxford University Press. - Ouhalla, Jamal, (1994), "Verb Movement and Word Order in Arabic", In David Lightfoot and Norbert Hornstein (ed.). Verb Movement. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. - Ramsay, Allan; Mansour, Hanady, (2006), “Local Constraints on Arabic Word Order”, Advances in Natural Language Processing, vol. 4139, Springer, pp. 447-457. - Rutherford, Donald, (2006), The Cambridge Companion To Early Modern Philosophy, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. - Simonson, Gustave, (1911), A Greek Grammar Syntax, London, Swan Sonnenschein. - Sornicola, Rosanna, (2000), "Stability, Variation and Change in Word Order, Some Evidence from the Romance Languages", in Rosanna Sornicola, Poppe Eriche, Shisha-Halevy Ariel (ed.) Stability, Variation and Change in Word Order, Patterns Over Time. Amsterdam, John Benjamin’s Publishing Company. - Sten, Vikner, (1995), Verb Movement and Expletive Subjects in the Germanic Languages, Oxford, Oxford University Press. - Warburton, Irene Philippaki, (1985), “Word Order in Modern Greek”, Transactions of the Philological Society, vol. 83, November 1985, 113-143. - Wright, Joseph, (1917), A Middle High German Primer, third edition, London, Oxford University Press. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,082 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 401 |
||