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تأثیر برداشت شن و ماسه بر روی میزان و دانهبندی بار بستر رودخانه (مطالعه موردی: رودخانه زارم رود، استان مازندران) | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 28، شماره 2، تیر 1397، صفحه 83-95 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
چکیده | ||
برداشت شن و ماسه از بستر رودخانههای کشور در سالهای اخیر افزایش یافته است که این عمل موجب تغییراتی در سامانه رودخانهها میشود. برداشت بیرویه و بدون در نظر گرفتن ظرفیت تولید رسوب رودخانه، تغییرات مورفولوژی و تغییرات بیلان رسوبی رودخانه را منجر میشود. در این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر برداشت شن و ماسه از بستر رودخانه زارم رود بر روی میزان و دانه بندی بار بستر، با جاگذاری نمونه بردارهای چالهای نمونههای بار بستر برداشت شد. تحلیل دانهبندی رسوبات به روش استاندارد ASTM بهصورت جداگانه برای هر نوبت نمونهبرداری در نمونهبردارها انجام گردید. همچنین وزن آنها در آزمایشگاه اندازهگیری شد. سپس با استفاده از نرمافزار GRADISTAT اندازه قطرهای D10، D50، D90، میانگین و مقادیر معیارهای جورشدگی، چولگی و کشیدگی بر حسب میکرون و مقیاس Φ بدست آمد. سرانجام در محیط نرم افزار SPSS22 اختلاف معنیداری آمارههای رسوبی اندازهگیری شده مقطع بالادست با مقطع پاییندست معدن شن و ماسه بررسی شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که اندازه قطرهای D10، D50، D90، میانگین و جورشدگی در مقطع بالادست با مقطع پاییندست معدن شن و ماسه اختلاف معنیداری را نشان میدهد. با این وجود متغیرهای چولگی و کشیدگی ذرات رسوبی بار بستر در مقطع بالا دست و پاییندست معدن شن و ماسه اختلاف معنیداری ندارد. همچنین برداشت شن و ماسه از بستر رودخانه در بازه مورد نظر موجب ایجاد فرسایش بستر، برهم ریختگی لایههای رسوبی و تغییر در بیلان رسوبی میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
برداشت شن و ماسه؛ دانه بندی رسوبات؛ رودخانه زارم رود؛ نرم افزار GRADISTAT؛ نمونه بردار چالهای | ||
مراجع | ||
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