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بهبود شاخصهای رشد و عملکرد سویا (Glycine max L.) با مدیریت تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 28، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 19-35 اصل مقاله (685.25 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
منوچهر شیری جناقرد* 1؛ مرتضی کامرانی2؛ سعید حکم علی پور3؛ یعقوب راعی4 | ||
1دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
2دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
3گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور تهران | ||
4گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز | ||
چکیده | ||
به منظور ارزیابی شاخصهای رشد، عملکرد و مقدار نیتروژن و فسفر اندام هوایی سویا تحت تأثیر کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی، آزمایشی در سال 1394 بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول، کود زیستی بایوسوی حاوی سویههای مختلف باکتری Bradyrhizobium japonicom شامل تلقیح بذور و عدم تلقیح آنها و فاکتور دوم کود شیمیایی شامل عدم کاربرد کود (صفر %)، 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره + 66 کیلوگرم در هکتار دیآمونیوم فسفات (33%)، 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره + 132 کیلوگرم در هکتار دیآمونیوم فسفات (66%)، 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره + 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار دیآمونیوم فسفات (100%) بود. نتایج نشان داد که کمترین مقدار شاخص سطح برگ (17/2)، تجمع ماده خشک کل (17/374 گرم در متر مربع)، سرعت رشد محصول (6/8 گرم در متر مربع در روز)، عملکرد دانه (3/3738 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و شاخص کلروفیل برگ (83/20) برای ترکیب تیماری عدم تلقیح و عدم کاربرد کود شیمیایی ثبت شد و بیشترین مقادیر شاخص سطح برگ (46/5)، تجمع ماده خشک کل (5/784 گرم در متر مربع)، سرعت رشد محصول (21 گرم در متر مربع در روز)، عملکرد دانه (8/7602 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، شاخص کلروفیل برگ (16/38) از ترکیب تیماری تلقیح با بایوسوی و 33 درصد کودهای شیمیایی به دست آمد. تیمار تلقیح با بایوسوی نسبت به عدم تلقیح برتری معنیداری از نظر درصد نیتروژن اندامهای هوایی و نسبت نیتروژن به فسفر نشان داد. بنابراین با تلقیح بذرهای سویا با کود زیستی بایوسوی میتوان علاوه بر افزایش رشد، نمو و عملکرد گیاه، از مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، هزینه تولید و خطرات زیست محیطی کاست. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سویا؛ شاخص های رشد؛ عملکرد؛ کود زیستی؛ کود شیمیایی | ||
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