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تأثیر نیتروژن و ازتوباکتر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد رقم روشن گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 27، شماره 2، تیر 1396، صفحه 125-144 اصل مقاله (621.09 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
پیمان شریفی* ؛ مهدی امیریوسفی | ||
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
این تحقیق بهصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه با بافت خاک سیلتی لوم انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم در دو سطح (تلقیح بذور با ازتوباکتر در غلظت 107 باکتری در هر گرم و عدم تلقیح) و کود نیتروژن در پنج سطح (0، 50، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار از منبع اوره) بودند. اثر ازتوباکتر بر صفات عملکرد دانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله، پروتئین دانه (P≤ 0.05)، شاخص کلروفیل، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع و وزن هزار دانه (P≤ 0.01) معنیدار بود. اثر نیتروژن بر تمام صفات به جز تعداد دانه در سنبله معنیدار بود (P≤ 0.01). اثرمتقابل دو فاکتور بر صفات عملکرد دانه، شاخص کلروفیل (P≤ 0.05)، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع و تعداد دانه در سنبله (P≤ 0.01) معنیدار بود. عملکرد دانه در ترکیب کودی تلقیح با ازتوباکتر و نیتروژن (100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) برابر با 4899 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که اختلاف معنیداری با 150 و 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و تلقیح نداشت. این ترکیب کودی سبب افزایش 76/13 درصدی عملکرد دانه در مقایسه با عدم تلقیح و مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار شد. عملکرد دانه با وزن هزار دانه، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع، شاخص کلروفیل، شاخص سطح برگ و ارتفاع بوته همبستگی مثبت و معنیدار داشت. در مجموع، مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و تلقیح با ازتوباکتر میتواند منجر به حصول پتانسیل عملکرد دانه، کاهش اثرات مخرب زیستمحیطی و صرفهجویی در مصرف کود نیتروژنه گردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ازتوباکتر؛ تلقیح؛ نیتروژن؛ ریزسازواره؛ گندم؛ عملکرد دانه | ||
مراجع | ||
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