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بررسی اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید چای در منطقه چابکسر استان گیلان با استفاده از ارزیابی چرخه حیات | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 27، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 181-195 اصل مقاله (705.17 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
امین نیکخواه* 1؛ سرور خرم دل2؛ محمد عابدی3؛ سعید فیروزی4؛ هانی حمزه کلکناری5 | ||
1باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران | ||
2گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
3گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران | ||
4گروه زراعت، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران | ||
5اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
چکیده | ||
ارزیابی چرخه حیات (LCA) رویکردی برای مطالعه اثرات زیست محیطی تولید محصول یا انجام یک فعالیت است که براساس دو شاخص میزان مصرف منابع و انتشار آلایندهها محاسبه میگردد. بدین منظور، این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید چای در شرایط آب و هوایی استان گیلان با استفاده از LCA انجام شد. بهمنظور تجزیه و تحلیل اثرات زیست محیطی، از روش 14040ISO به ازای یک واحد عملکردی معادل با یک تن برگ چای استفاده شد. در گام اول، ممیزی چرخه حیات، میزان مصرف نهادهها و انتشار آلایندهها به ازای یک واحد عملکردی تعیین شدند. در مرحله بعد، ارزیابی چرخه حیات انجام گرفت و بر اساس شاخصهایی اطلاعات مرحله قبل، در هفت گروه تأثیر شامل گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، اوتریفیکاسیون بومنظامخشکی، تغییر کاربری اراضی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و تخلیه منابع پتاسیم دستهبندی شدند. در نهایت، بعد از نرمالسازی و وزنیدهی دادهها، شاخص نهایی در این گروههای تأثیر به ترتیب معادل با 05/0، 32/0، 56/0، 04/0، 31/2، 42/0 و 07/0 محاسبه شد و بیشترین پتانسیل برای آسیب به محیط زیست در تولید چای در استان گیلان برای تخلیه منابع فسیلی محاسبه گردید. شاخص زیست محیطی (EcoX) و تخلیه منابع (RDI)نیز به ترتیب برابر 97/0 و 62/2 به دست آمد. بدین ترتیب، بهمنظور کاهش اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید چای میتوان از روشهای مختلف مدیریت نظام زراعی همچون کاربرد نهادههای آلی و خاکورزی حداقل بهره جست. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ارزیابی چرخه حیات؛ اسیدیته؛ اوتریفیکاسیون؛ زیست محیطی؛ شاخص تخلیه منابع | ||
مراجع | ||
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