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فراتحلیل اثر کمخاکورزی و بیخاکورزی بر عملکرد گندم در شرایط دیم ایران | ||
مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 8، شماره 4، بهمن 1402، صفحه 27-40 اصل مقاله (641.1 K) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jam.2024.56192.1238 | ||
نویسنده | ||
احمد حیدری* | ||
1- بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، | ||
چکیده | ||
ااثر روشهای مختلف خاکورزی بر عملکرد گندم در شرایط دیم ایران در مطالعات متعددی بررسی شده است. بیشتر مطالعات انجام شده فقط یک محدوده کوچک ( آزمایشات مزرعهای در یک منطقه) را پوشش میدهند که در برخی موارد دارای نتایج ضد و نقیص میباشند. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثر خاکورزی حفاظتی (کمخاکورزی و بیخاکورزی) بر عملکرد گندم دیم با استفاده از مطالعات و پژوهشهای داخلی و به-کارگیری روش فراتحلیل است. بدینمنظور مقالهها، گزارشهای پژوهشی و پایاننامههای دانشجویی در فاصلۀ زمانی 1370 تا 1400 با استفاده از واژههای کلیدی مرتبط با خاکورزی در محصول گندم دیم مرور شد. پس از کنترل کیفی، 29 مطالعه برای مقایسۀ کمخاکورزی با خاکورزی رایج و 22 مطالعه برای مقایسه روش بیخاکورزی با خاکورزی رایج با استفاده از مدل تصادفی وارد فرایند فراتحلیل شدند. بر اساس نتایج بهدست آمده، با توجه به مقدار اندازه اثر در روش کمخاکورزی (42/0+=SMD) و بیخاکورزی (43/0- =SMD) میتوان نتیجه گرفت که روش کمخاک-ورزی در مقایسه با روش خاکورزی رایج باعث افزایش عملکرد گندم (44/1+ درصد) و روش بیخاکورزی باعث کاهش عملکرد گندم (77/7- درصد) شده است. پیشنهاد میشود در اراضی دیم، یکی از روشهای کمخاکورزی شامل: 1- شخم با خاکورز حفاظتی (گاوآهن قلمی مجهز به غلطک)، 2- شخم با چیزلپکر و 3- شخم با گاوآهن قلمی + دیسک جایگزین روش رایج خاکورزی (شخم با گاوآهن برگرداندار+دیسک + ماله) با رعایت تناوب گیاهی شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
خاکورزی حفاظتی؛ کشت مستقیم؛ گاوآهن برگرداندار؛ گاوآهن قلمی؛ مرور نظاممند | ||
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