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اثر بقایای کشت خالص و ترکیبی گیاهان پوششی ماشک گل خوشه‌ای (Vicia villosa Roth) و شبدر ایرانی Trifolium resupinatum L.)) بر عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) ) و کنترل علفهای هرز | ||
| دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 2، مرداد 1403، صفحه 183-198 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2023.52217.2892 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم سلیمی1؛ پردیس برومندان2؛ ایرج نصرتی3؛ معصومه عامریان* 4 | ||
| 1گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| 3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کزمانشاه | ||
| 4گروه ژنتیک و تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| روش‌های مختلفی برای کنترل علفهای هرز در مزرعه گوجه‌فرنگی وجود دارد. در این میان استفاده از علفکشها بسیار متداول است. اما به علت بروز مشکلات زیست محیطی، پرهزینه بودن، ایجاد مقاومت در علفهای هرز و تهدید سلامت انسان و محیط زیست، استفاده از آن‌ها با شک و تردید مواجه شده است. استفاده از گیاهان پوششی را می‌توان جایگزین مناسبی برای خاک ورزی‌های بی‌رویه و استفاده از علفکشها دانست. این پژوهش در سال 1399-1400 و در مزرعه‌ی تحقیقاتی دانشگاه رازی اجرا شد. هدف این مطالعه، ارزیابی تأثیر گیاهان پوششی ماشک گل خوشه‌ای و شبدر ایرانی به صورت کشت خالص و ترکیبی بر عملکرد و کنترل علفهای هرز مزرعه گوجه‌فرنگی بود. تیمار بقایای 50% ماشک + 50% شبدر و بقایای 100% شبدر در کنترل علفهای هرز و نیزعملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی نسبت به شاهد و سایر تیمار‌ها بهتر بودند. در تیمار شاهد کمترین عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی و کنترل علف‌ها‌ی‌هرز مشاهده شد. عملکرد در تیمارهای 50% ماشک + 50% شبدر و بقایای 100% شبدر به ترتیب، 25/67 و 51/66 تن در هکتار بود، در حالی که عملکرد در تیمار شاهد 43/14 تن در هکتار مشاهده گردید. تراکم علفهای هرز در تیمارهای 50% ماشک + 50% شبدر و بقایای 100% شبدر به‌ترتیب 9 و 8 بوته در متر مربع و در تیمار شاهد 30 بوته در متر مربع بود. ه‌طور کلی استفاده از گیاهان پوششی و بقایای آن‌ها در مزرعه می‌تواند روش زیست محیطی و اقتصادی مناسبی در جهت کنترل علفهای هرز و کم کردن استفاده از مواد شیمیایی در مزرعه باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بقایای؛ گیاهان؛ کنترل؛ عملکرد؛ گوجه؛ علف هرز | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 52 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 75 |
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