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بررسی اثرات روش آبیاری و شبکه آبیاری بر بهرهوری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب در ذرت علوفهای (مطالعه موردی بهبهان) | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 34، شماره 3، مهر 1403، صفحه 105-124 اصل مقاله (831.76 K) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ws.2024.59435.2543 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
نادر سلامتی* 1؛ فریبرز عباسی2 | ||
1استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و | ||
2استاد پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بخش وسیعی از ایران در شرایط آب و هوایی خشک و نیمهخشک واقع شده است. کشاورزی ایران به آب آبیاری وابسته است. این تحقیق با هدف مطالعه میدانی برای پایش مزرعهای آب کاربردی ذرت علوفهای تحت مدیریت کشاورزان در فصل زراعی (1396-1395) در 12 مزرعه شهرستان بهبهان در استان خوزستان انجام شد. میزان اثرگذاری متغیرهای مستقل بر حجم آب آبیاری، بهرهوری فیزیکی و اقتصادی آب از جمله دلایلی بود که پژوهش فوق به منظور پاسخگویی به این سوالات اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس در مدل رگرسیون نشان داد دوره رشد گیاه با آمارهیt به میزان 288/5 بیشترین اثر مثبت معنیدار را بر حجم آب آبیاری داشت. عملکرد با آمارهیt (به میزان 919/5) بیشترین اثر مثبت معنیدار را بر بهرهوری اقتصادی آب داشت. در میان متغیرهای مستقل، عملکرد و حجم آب آبیاری با آمارهیt بهترتیب با مقادیر 419/6 و 381/6- بیشترین اثر معنیدار مثبت و منفی را بر بهرهوری فیزیکی آب داشتند. مقدار حجم آب آبیاری از 4826 تا 14733 مترمکعب در هکتار متغیر بود. نتایج آنالیز واریانس و نتایج توصیفی میانگین صفات نشان داد بیشترین مقدار بهرهوری فیزیکی آب معادل 128/10 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب در آبیاری بارانی و کمترین آن به مقدار 818/4 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب در آبیاری سطحی در شبکه سنتی تعیین شد که اختلاف معنیداری با هم داشتند. مقادیر Z-Score های محاسبه شده نشان داد 50 و 33 درصد مزارع بهترتیب آبیاری بارانی و سطحی (شبکه مدرن) بهرهوری اقتصادی قابل قبولی داشتند ولی 100 درصد مزارع آبیاری سطحی در شبکه سنتی بهرهوری اقتصادی قابل قبولی نداشتند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بهره وری؛ فیزیکی؛ اقتصادی؛ روش؛ آبیاری | ||
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