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Flourishing and Essential Capacities | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| دوره 17، شماره 45، 1402، صفحه 347-360 اصل مقاله (398.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2023.17517 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Robin Attfield | ||
| Professor of Philosophy, Cardiff University, Christ Church, Stellenbosch University, University of Oxford, UK | ||
| چکیده | ||
| I have previously argued that human flourishing partly consists in the ability to exercise essential human capacities, many of which are non-distinctive and shared with other animals. The concept of flourishing is itself species-specific. Thus, the development of essential capacities (human and nonhuman) comprises a large part of the goods that we ought to promote. Problems about the definition of ‘essential’ are discussed, as are related issues about whether there are necessary and sufficient conditions for the correct use of sortal universal terms. The relation of the exercise of essential capacities to basic needs is investigated, and the essential nature of the human capacity for meaningful work, which has been disputed by John White, is defended. Finally, some suggestions are offered about what the proponents of the capabilities approach might derive from that of essential capacities. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| flourishing؛ human good؛ essential capacities؛ conflicting theories of universal terms؛ basic needs؛ meaningful work؛ consequentialism؛ the capabilities approach | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Anscombe, G. E. M. (1958). Modern Moral Philosophy, Philosophy, 33(124), 1-19. Attfield, R. (1974). On Being Human, Inquiry, 17(1-4), 175-92. Attfield, R. (1984). Work and the Human Essence, Journal of Applied Philosophy, 1(1), 141-50. Attfield, R. (1987). A Theory of Value and Obligation, Croom Helm. Attfield, R. (1995). Value, Obligation and Meta-Ethics, Rodopi. Attfield, R. (2001). Meaningful Work and Full Employment, Reason in Practice, 1(1), 41-48. Attfield, R. (2019). Value, Obligation and Meta-Ethics, Brill. Attfield, R. (2020). A Theory of Value and Obligation, Routledge. Brink, D. O. (1991). Review of Robin Attfield, A Theory of Value and Obligation, in The Philosophical Review, 100(1), 140-148. Crocker, D. A. (1998). Consumption, Well-Being and Capability, Rowman & Littlefield, Dworkin, G. (1988). The Theory and Practice of Autonomy, Cambridge University Press. Feldman, F. (1990). A Theory of Value and Obligation, Nôus, 24 (4), 617-622 Glover, J. (1987). Causing Death and Saving Lives, Penguin. Glover, J. (1984). What Sort of People Should There Be? Penguin. Ishii, T. R. (2008). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, in Essential vs. Accidental Properties, Editor by E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman, Stanford University. Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy, State and Utopia, Basil Blackwell. Nussbaum, M. (eds.) (1993). The Quality of Life, Clarendon Press. Rawls, J. (1972). A Theory of Justice, Oxford University Press. White, J. (1997). Education and the End of Work: A New Philosophy of Work and Learning, Cassell. | ||
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