تعداد نشریات | 44 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,303 |
تعداد مقالات | 16,020 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,489,364 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 15,216,930 |
تعیین خوشخوراکی گونههای مرتعی مورد چرای بز در ارتباط با مراحل رشد و طول روز (مطالعه موردی: مراتع روستای ده شیخ استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)... | ||
پژوهش های علوم دامی (دانش کشاورزی) | ||
دوره 33، شماره 3، آذر 1402، صفحه 1-15 اصل مقاله (555.05 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/as.2022.47506.1627 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
وحید سیاره1؛ حسین ارزانی* 2؛ علی طویلی3؛ ستاره باقری1 | ||
1دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
2استاد دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
3دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
زمینه مطالعاتی: آگاهی از نقش علوفههای مختلف در تامین نیازهای مواد مغذی دامهای مختلف مراتع به منظور مدیریت بهتر مراتع ضروری است. زیرا این اطلاعات برای تصمیمگیری در مورد کنترل بوتهها، بذرهای مرتعی، مدیریت چرا و تخصیص علوفه دامها مختلف مفید است. روش کار: هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی خوشخوراکی سه گونه مورد چرای بز در مراتع روستای ده شیخ در ارتباط با مراحل رشد و طول روز در طی فصول بهار تا پاییز است. بدین منظور با استفاده از روش فیلمبرداری چرای دامها از دو گونه چند ساله Gundelia tournefortii و Bromus tomentellus و یک گونه یکساله Aegilops triuncialis مورد پایش قرار گرفت. سپس مدت زمان چرای دام از هرگونه گیاهی ثبت و با توجه بهکل زمان چرا، درصد بهرهبرداری از هرگونه تعیین شد. نتایج: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد گونههای مورد مطالعه در زمانهای روز دارای خوشخوراکی یکسانی برای بز هستند. همچنین از بین گونههای چند ساله در مراحل رشد رویشی و گلدهی گونه G. tournefortii به ترتیب با ۲۵/۲۴درصد و ۷۶/۲۷درصد و در مرحله بذر دهی گونه B. tomentellus با ۱۱/۲۲درصد بالاترین درصد خوشخوراکی را به خود اختصاص دادند. در مورد گونه یک ساله A. triuncialis نیز مشخص شد این گونه با ۲۱/۲۷درصد در مرحله رشد رویشی دارای بیشترین خوشخوراکی در مراحل رشد است. نتیجهگیری نهایی: با انجام این پژوهش اهمیت سیستمهای چرای برجستهتر می-شود چراکه میتوان سیستمهای چرا را طوری اعمال کرد که هر تیپ گیاهی زمانی مورد چرا واقع شود که در آن مرحله از رشد، گونههای تشکیلدهنده آن تیپ، بیشترین خوشخوراکی را برای بز داشته باشند. مطالعه رابطه بین اجزای مراتع (دام و گیاهان) مهمترین ابزار به منظور اتخاذ تدابیر قابل استفاده برای بهترین استفاده عملی از منابع مرتعی است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
مراحل رشد؛ خوشخوراکی؛ Aegilops triuncialis؛ Bromus tomentellus؛ Gundelia tournefortii | ||
مراجع | ||
Aerts R, 1996. Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves of perennials: are there general patterns. Journal of Ecology 84: 597-608.
Aizen MA and Feinsinger P, 1994. Forest fragmentation, pollination, and plant reproduction in a Chaco dry forest, Argentina. Ecology 75: 330-351.
Aizen MA, 2007. Enfoques en el estudio de la reproducción sexual de las plantas en ambientes alteradoslimitaciones y perspectivas. Ecologia Austral 17: 7-19.
Alikhah Asl M, 2008. Investigating the relationship between palatability and forage quality of some rangeland plants. PhD Thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran.
Andueza D, Delgado I and Munoz F, 2012, Variation of digestibility and intake by sheep of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) hays cut at sunrise or sunset. Journal of Agricultural Science 150(2): 263-270.
Arzani H and Naseri K, 2009. Livestock feeding on pasture, translation, University of Tehran, 301p.
Arzani H, 2009. Forage quality and daily requirement of grazing animal. University of Tehran Press, 354 p.
Arzani H, Pirisahragard H, Turkan J and Saedi K, 2010. Comparison of forage quality of Some plant species of Saral Kurdistan rangelands in different phenological stages. Rangeland 4 (2): 160-167. (In Persian)
Badshah L and Hussain F, 2011. Farmer preferences and use of local fodder flora in Tank district, Pakistan. African journal of Biotechnology 10(32): 6062-6071.
Baumont R, 1996. Palatability and feeding behaviour in ruminants. a review. Annales de Zootechnie 45: 385-400.
Burt-Smith GS, Grime JP and Tilman D, 2003. Seedling resistance to herbivory as a predictor of relative abundance in a synthesised prairie community. Oikos 101: 345-353.
Buschmann H, Keller M, Porret N, Dietz H and Edwards PJ, 2005. The effect of slug grazing on vegetation development and plant species diversity in an experimental grassland. Functional Ecology 19: 291-298.
Canon SK, Urness PJ and DeByle NV, 1987. Habit selection, foraging behaviour and dietary nutrition of elk in burned aspen forest. Journal of Range Management 40(5): 433-438.
Charesaz N, jafari AA, Arzani H and Azarnivand H, 2010. Investigation of variations in percentage of soluble carbohydrates in three species of Agropyron intermedium, Bronus tonentellus, Dactvlis glomerata in three phonological stages. Journal of Rangeland 4(1): 121-129. (In Persian)
Church DC, 1988. The ruminant animal: digestive physiology and nutrition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA: Prentice Hall. 563p.
Cingolani AM, Noy-Meir I and Díaz S, 2005. Grazing effects on rangeland diversity: a synthesis of contemporary models. Ecological Applications 15: 757-773.
Cornelissen JHC, Quested HM, Gwynn-Jones D, Van Logtestijn RSP, Beus MAH, Kondratchuk, A, Callaghan TV and Aerts R, 2004. Leaf digestability and litter decomposability are related in a wide range of subarctic plant species and types. Functional Ecology 18: 779-786.
Damiram D, 2005. Palatability of Mongolian rangeland plants. Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center Circular of Information 3: 1-91.
Delavaripour, A. 2005. Comparison of the palatability of some important species of Yazd rangelands in relation to sheep and goat grazing, MSc. thesis. Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran.
Elger A and Barrat-Segretain MH, 2004. Plant palatability can be inferred from a single-date feeding trial. Functional Ecology 18: 483-488.
Emil JC, Ghesquiere M, Traineaau R, Jadas-Hecart J and Mousset C, 1997. Evaluation de la valuer alimentarire de genotypes de fetuque eleveee obtenus par diffeerents strategies d’amelioration. Fourrage151: 373-387.
Ghahreman A, 1992. Cromophytes of Iran. Tehran University Press, pp: 515-622. (In Persian)
Ghodsi Rasi H, 1996. Comparison of methods for determining palatability and investigation of factors affecting palatability of important rangeland species in Chaharbagh region of Golestan. Thesis of Tehran University.
Griffin MPA, Cole ML, Kroeger KD and Cebrian J, 1998. Dependence of herbivory on autotrophic nitrogen content and on net primary production across ecosystems. Biol Bull 195: 233-234.
Grime J, 2001. Plant strategies, vegetation processes and ecosystem properties. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley, 456p.
Heady HF and Denis RD, 1994. Rangeland and ecology and management. West View Press. USA, 520p.
Holchek JI, Herbal CH and Pieper RD,2004. Range management principles and practices. prentice Hall Pub. USA. ForthEdition. 587p.Hussain F and Durrani MJp 2009. Seasonal availability, palatability and animal preferences of forage plants in Harboi arid rangeland, Kalat, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41(2): 539-554.
Joneidi H, Amani S and Karami P, 2016. Effects of grazing intensities on carbon sequestration and storage in the rangelands of Bijar protected area. Iranian Journal of Society of Range Management 10(1): 53-67.
Julie B and C Huighe, 1998. Variabilite genetique pour la digestibilite de la jucerne: relation avec ia production de matiere seche et la proportion de feuilles. Fourrages 154: 261-268.
Kaitho RJ, Tamminga S and Bruchem J, 1996. Rumen degradation and in vivo digestibility of dried Calliandra calothyrsus leaves. Animal Feed Science Technology 43(1-2): 19-30.
Kaitho RJ, Umunna NN, Nsahlai IV, Tamminga S, Van Bruchem T, Hanson J and Van der Wouw M, 1996. Palatability of multipurpose tree species: effect of species and length of study on intake and relative palatability by sheep. Agroforestry Systems 13: 249-261.
Karda IW and Spudiati S, 2006. Relativee palatability by sheep and goats of oven -dried Calliandrs, ,Albizia, Gliricidia, and Leucaena leaves. Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan, 9(2):1-10.
Karimi H, 1990. Rangeland. University of Tehran Press. 408p.
Khan M and Hussain F, 2012. Palatability and animal preferences of plants in tehsil Takht-e- Nasrati, district Karak, Pakistan. African Journal of Agricultural Research 7(44): 5858-5872.
Kirilov A, Vasilev E and Naydenova Y, 2009. Nutritive characteristics of grasses and legumes. Conference paper, 291-293.
Lusigi WJ, Nkurunziza ER and Masheti S, 1984. Forage preferences of livestock in the arid lands of Northern Kenya. Journal of Range Management 37(6): 542-548.
Malubekova GB, 1996. The ecological evaluation of the present condition of rangeland vegetation of Kazakhistan deserts. In: Proc. Rangelands. In a sustainable biosphere. (Ed.): N.E. West. 5th International Congress 1995, Salt Lake City Utah pp. 338-339.
Manske LL, 2005. Environmental factors to consider during planning of management for range plants in the Dickinson, North Dakota, region, 1892-2004.
Mill E, Knemeyer J, Matter HE and Steinbach J, 1990. Methodology for determining the available nutrientsin the various vegetation strata of Northern and Southern Africa. Animal Research and Develop 31: 22-30.
Moghaddam MR, 2008. Range and range management. University of Tehran Press. Second edition, 470 p.
Molyneux RJ and Ralphs M, 1992. Plant toxins and palatability to herbivores. Journal of Range Management 45(1): 13-18.
Ngwa AT, Nsahlai IV and Bonsi MLK, 2003. Feed intake and dietary preferences of sheep and goats offered hay and legume-tree pods in South Africa. Agroforestry Systems 57: 29-37.
Noy-Meir I and Walker BH, 1986. Stability and resilience in range lands. In: Joss PJ, Lynch PW, Williams OB, editors. Rangelands: a resource under siege. Canberra: Australian Academy of Science 21-25.
Palkova K and Leps J, 2008. Positive relationship between plant palatability and litter decomposition in meadow plants. Community Ecology 9(1): 17-27.
Paz M and Raffaele E, 2013. Cattle change plant reproductive phenology, promoting community changes in a post-fire Nothofagus forest in Northern Patagonia, Argentina. Journal of Plant Ecology 1-26.
Pérez-Harguindeguy N, Díaz S, Vendramini F, Cornelissen JHC, Gurvich DE and Cabido M, 2003. Leaf traits and herbivore selection in the field and in cafeteria experiments. Austral Ecology 28: 642-650.
Raufirad V, Azadi H, Ebrahimi A. and Bagheri S, 2016. Palatability: application of principal component analysis. Rangelands 38(3): 105-112.
Rebole A, Alzueta C, Ortiz LT, Barro C, Rodriguez ML and Caballero R, 2004. Yields and chemical composition of different parts of the common vetch at flowering and at two seed filling stages. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2(4): 550-557.
Rios S, Correal E and Robledo A, 1989. Palatability of the main fodder and pasture speciepresent in S.E. Spain. I. woody species (tree and shrubs). XVI Int. Grassld. Congr, Nice (France) pp. 1531-1532.
Robledo A, Correal E and Rios S, 1989. Palatability of the main fodder and pasture speciespresent in S.E. Spain. II Herbaceous species. XVI Int. Grassld.Congr., Nice (France) pp. 1533-1534.
Shahbazian R and Erfanzadeh R, 2014. Evaluation Of grazing behavior and diet selection of Marghoz breed goat in rangeland of Kurdistan province (case study: Ghorveh). Animal Sciences Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi) 101: 52-61.
Shoaib Amjad M, Arshad M, Fatima S and Mumtaz N, 2014. Palatability and animal preferences of plants in Tehsil Nikyal, district Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan. Annual Research & Review in Biolog 4(6): 953-961.
Silcock JL Fairfax RJ and Fensham RJ, 2019. Feral fuchsia eating: Long-term decline of a palatable shrub in grazed rangelands. Journal of Arid Environment 163: 1-8.
Smith-Ramírez C, Armesto JJ and Figueroa J, 1998. Flowering, fruiting and seed germination in Chilean rain forest myrtaceae: ecological and phylogenetic constraints. Plant Ecology 136: 119-131.
Strauss SY and Agrawal AA, 1999. The ecology and evolution of plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 14: 179-185.
Strong DR, Lawton JH and Southwood TRE, 1984. Insects on plants: community patterns and mechanisms. Harvard Univ. Press.
Tan M, Temel S and Yolcu H, 2003. Effects of harvest management on the mineral composition of common vetch. Proceedings of the 12th symposium of the European grassland federation, Pleven, Bulgaria pp. 423-425.
Twidwell E and Wegenhoft K, 1999. Forage quality and its value. Available online: http://www.agecon.lsu.edu/Extension_Pubs/Forage%20Quality%20and%20It s%20Value.pdf
Vallentine JF, 1990. Grazing management. Academic Press, USA.
Van-Slageren MW, 1994. Wild wheats: a monograph of Aegilops L. and Amblyopyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Eig (Poaceae). Wageningen Agricultural University Papers (94-7).
Wardle DA, KI Bonner and Barker GM, 2002. Linkages between plant litter decomposition, litter quality, and vegetation responses to herbivores. Functional Ecology 16: 585-595.
Westoby M, Walker BH and Noy-Meir I, 1989. Opportunistic management for rangelands not at equilibrium. Journal of Range Management 42(4): 266-274. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 262 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 163 |