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What a World! The Pluralistic Universe of Innocent Realism | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 17، شماره 45، دی 1402، صفحه 29-35 اصل مقاله (269.89 K) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2023.17416 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Susan Haack | ||
| Distinguished Professor in the Humanities, Cooper Senior Scholar in Arts and Sciences, Professor of Philosophy, School of Law, Miami, USA | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The method of metaphysics: Metaphysics is empirical but depends not, like the sciences, on recondite experience but on close attention to aspects of everyday experience we ordinarily scarcely notice. "Real" is a broader concept than "exists" (which applies only to particulars) and also applies to phenomena, kinds, and laws, which are real, but not, of course, existent entities. But "there are real kinds, laws, etc." doesn't imply that all the kinds and laws we believe are real, are. I call my approach "Innocent Realism" because--though it's certainly not naive--it requires attending to experience, so far as possible, without substantial preconceptions. There is one real world, enormously varied but also integrated. It includes physical stuff, kinds, laws, etc. and, here on earth, a vast array of human artifacts, physical, social, intellectual, and imaginative, all intimately interconnected. All this requires human mindedness (a better word than "mind" because it doesn't suggest that human mentality is an organ like the heart or the liver). Rather, it's a complex congeries of dispositions and abilities: to understand even such a relatively simple thing as what's involved in someone's believing something, we need to take account of the person's dispositions to behavior, verbal and otherwise; to the neurophysiological realizations of these dispositions; and to their connections to the world and to words in the person's linguistic community--this last requiring other people's words-world connection. "Virtual" reality is just one more computer artifact, clever, no doubt, but not metaphysically startling. It's oversold, but this is advertising hype, not serious metaphysics. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| metaphysics؛ "existence" vs "reality"؛ innocent realism؛ the world؛ mindedness؛ virtual reality | ||
| اصل مقاله | ||
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Copyright 2022, 2023 Susan Haack. All rights reserved. Reprinted from Facing the Future, Facing the Screen, ed. Kristof Nyiri (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2022). | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Ellis, L. (2022). Virtual is the New Reality for M.B.A. Students, Wall Street Journal, May 2022. Haack, S. (1996). Reflections on Relativism: From Momentous Tautology to Seductive Contradiction in Haack, Manifesto of a Passionate Moderate, pp.149-66. Haack, S. (2002). Realisms and Their Rivals: Recovering Our Innocence, Facta Philosophica, 4(1), 67-88. Haack, S. (2003). Defending Science—Within Reason, Prometheus Books. Haack, S. (2007). The Legitimacy of Metaphysics: Kant’s Legacy to Peirce, and Peirce’s to Philosophy Today, Polish Journal of Philosophy, No. 1, pp. 29-43. Haack, S. (2013). The Real, the Fictional and the Fake, Spazio Filosofico, No. 8, pp. 209-217. Haack, S. (2014). The World According to Innocent Realism: The One and the Many, the Real and the Imaginary, the Natural and the Social, in Julia Göhner and Eva Maria Jung, eds., Susan Haack: Reintegrating Philosophy, pp. 33-58. Quine, W. V. (1961). On What There Is in From a Logical Point of View Harper Torchbooks, Stern, J. (2022). Improving VR Headsets Puts a Better Metaverse into View, Wall Street Journal, A12. Wilde, O. (1899). The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People (London: Chiswick Press for Leonard Smithers and Co., 1899), https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/ssd?id=uc2.ark:/13960/t8w95552b. | ||
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