تاثیر غلظت های مختلف باکتری باسیلوس سوبتیلیس بر خصوصیات گل و بنه در دو اکوتیپ زعفران

Abbas MK and Ali AS. 2010. Effect of foliar application of NPK on some growth characters of two cultivars of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). American Journal of Plant Physiology, 6(4): 22-227. (In Persian).

Abo-Baker AA and Gehan GM. 2011. Effect of bio-and chemical fertilizers on growth, sepals yield and chemical composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa at new reclaimed soil of South Valley area. Asian Journal of Crop Science, 3: 16-25.

Alizadeh K, Rezaei-chiyaneh E, Amirnia R and Barin M. 2020. Combined Application of PGPR and Mycorrhizal Fungi on Seed yield, Macronutrients Uptake and Soil Biological Index in Intercropping Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) with Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 30(1): 19-40. (In Persian).

Armak A, Farzi H and Alipanah M. 2018. Impact of use of different sources of humic, bio and nano fertilizers and nitrogen levels on saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower yield. Saffron Agronomy Technology, 5(4): 329-344.

Arnon AN. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal, 23: 112-121.

Asghar HN, Zahir ZA, Arshad M and Khaliq A. 2002. Relationship between in vitro production of auxins by rhizobacteria and their growth promoting activities in Brassica juncea L. Journal of Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35: 231-237.

Behdani MA, Kouchaki AR, Nasiri Mahallati M and Rezvani Moghadam P. 2005. Evaluation of Quantitative Relationships between Yield and Consumption of Nutrients in Saffron, A Study in On-farm Farms. Iranian Journal of Crop Research, 3(1): 1-14. (In Persian)

Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME and Berset C. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensmittel Wissenschaft und Technologie, 28: 25-30.

Cabello M, Irrazabal G, Bucsinszky M, Saparrat M and Schalamuk S. 2005. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungs, Glimus mosseae, and a rock-phosphate- solubilizing fungus, Penicillium thomii, on Mentha piperita growth in a soilless medium. J. Basic Microbiology, 45: 182-189.

Gutierrez-Manero F.J, Ramos-Solano B, Probanza A., Mehouachi, J., Tadeo, F.R. and Talon, M. 2001. The plantgrowth- promoting Rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus licheniformis produce high amounts of physiologically active gibberellins. Plant Physiolology, 111: 206-211.

Canbolat MY, Bilen S, Çakmakçi R, Sahin F and Aydin A. 2006. Effect of plant growth-promoting bacteria and soil compaction on barley seedling growth, nutrient uptake, soil properties and rhizosphere microflora. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 42(4): 350-357.

Cardone L, Castronuovo D, Perniola M, Cicco N, Molina R.A, Renau-Morata B, Nebauer S.G and Candido V. 2021. Crocus sativus L. Ecotypes from Mediterranean Countries: Phenological, Morpho-Productive, Qualitative and Genetic Traits. Agronomy, 11(2): 551. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030551

Casson SA and Lindsey K. 2003. Genes and signalling in root development. New Phytologist, 158: 11-38.

Chezhiyan N Saraswathy S and Vasumathi R. 2003. Studies on organic manures, biofertilizers and plant density on growth, yield and alkaloid content of bhumyamalaki (Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn.). South Indian Horticulture, 51: 96-101.

De Mastro G and C Ruta. 1993. Relation between corm size and saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flowering. Acta Hort, 344: 512-517.

Demir S. 2004. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza on some physiological growth parameters of pepper. Turkish Journal of Biology, 28: 85-90.

Dhindsa RS, Plumb-Dhindsa P and Thorpe TA. 1981. Leaf senescence: correlated with increased levels of member permeability and peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Jounal of Experimental Botarry, 32(1): 93-101.

Ehteshami SM, Poorebrahimi M and Khavazi K. 2013. The effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 103 with phosphorus fertilizer on nutrient concentration and biological yield of two barley cultivars under greenhouse conditions. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Cultivation, 4(16): 122-125. (In Persian).

El-Gizawy NKhB and Mehasen, SAS. 2009. Response of Faba bean to bio, mineral phosphorus fertilizers and foliar application with zinc. World Applied Sciences Journal, 6(10): 1359-1365.

El Midaoui A, Ghzaiel I, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Ksila M, Zarrouk A, Nury T, Khallouki F, El Hessni A, Ouazzani Ibrahimi S, Latruffe N, Couture R, Kharoubi O, Brahmi F, Hammami S, Masmoudi-Kouki O, Hammami M, Ghrairi T, Vejux A and Lizard G. 2022. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases. Nutrients, 14, 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030597

Euzéby, J. P. (2008). "Bacillus". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Retrieved 2008-11-18.

Fiori M Falchi G Quaglia M and Cappelli, C. 2007. Saffron (crocus sativus L.) diseases in Italy. Plant Pathology, 89: 27-68.

Gholami AS, Shahsavani B and Nezarat S. 2009. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on germination, seedling growth and yield of maize. International Journal of Biological and Life Science, 2: 1-10.

Glick BR, Karaturovic DM and Newell PC. 1995. A novel procedure for rapid isolation of plant growth promoting Pseudomanads. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41: 533-536.

Gutierrez-Manero FJ, Ramos-Solano B, Probanza A, Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR and Talon M. 2001. The plantgrowth- promoting Rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus licheniformis produce high amounts of physiologically active gibberellins. Plant Physiol, 111: 206-211.

Hamidi A, Asgharzadeh Kholouti A, Akbari Vala S and Choukan R. The effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and mycorrhizal fungi on some seed germination characteristics and seedling vigor of three hybrids of maize. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production, 31(3): 149-167.

Hodgson E. 2004. The textbook of modern toxicology. 3th ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey, 275: 51-54.

Hong L, Li M, Luo J, Cao X, Qu L, Gai Y, Jiang X, Liu T, Janz H, Bai D, Polle A, Peng C and Luo ZB. 2012. fertilization has different effects on the growth, carbon and nitrogen physiology, and wood properties of slow- and fastgrowing Populus species. Journal of experimental botany, 63: 6173-6185.

Islami A, Sadrabadi Haghighi R and Zafarian M. 2014. Yield response, yield components and some morphophysiological traits of wheat cultivars to the use of Fulzime biofertilizer. Scientific-Research Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 3(31): 243-256.

Jami N, Rahimi A, Naghizadeh M and Sedaghati E. 2020. Investigating the use of different levels of Mycorrhiza and Vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Scientia Horticulturae 262 GH 109027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109027.

Kader MA, Mahn MH and Haque MS. 2002. Effects of azotobacter inoculant on the yield and nitrogen uptake by wheat. Online Journal of Biological Science, 2: 259-261.

Karimi, K., Bolandnazar, S and Ashoori, S. 2013. Effect of bio-fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on yield, growth, characteristics and quality of green bean (Phaseolous vulgaris L.). Journal of Agriculture and Sustainable Production, 23 (3): 157-167.

Karthikeyan B, Abdul Jaleel C and Changxing Z. 2008. The effect of AM fungi and phosphorous level on the biomass yield and ajmalicine production in Catharanthus roseus. Eurasian Journal of Biosciences, 2: 26- 33.

Kennedy IR, Choudhury AT and Kecskes ML. 2004. Non- symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs in crop-farming systems: can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 36(8): 1229-1244.

Khalighi JA and Khara J. 2008. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices on some growth and physiological parameters in wheat (CV. Azar2) plants under cadmium toxicity. Iranian Journal of Biology, 23: 216-230. (In Persian)

Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R and Novacky A. 1998. Pseudomonas inoculation to benefit plant production. Anim. Plant. Sci, 5: 60-64.

Koide R. 1993. Physiology of the mycorthiza plant. Advance Plant Pathology, 9: 33-54.

Koocheki A, Jahani M, Tabrizi L and Mohammad Abadi A. 2011. Evaluate the effectiveness of biological and chemical fertilizers and plant density on yield and characteristics of saffron corm flower (Crocus sativus L.). Journal of soil and water. Agricultural Science and Technology, 25(1): 196-206. (In Persian).

Koocheki A. 2004. Indigenous knowledge in agriculture with particular reference production in Iran. Acta Horticulturae, 650: 175-182.

Mehboob I, Naveed M and Zahir ZA. 2009. Rhizobial association with non-legumes: Mechanismsand application. Critical Reviews in Plant Science, 28: 432-456.

Mikovacki N, Marinkovic J, Cacic N and Bgelic D. 2010. Microbial abundance in rhizosphere of Sugarbeet in dependence of fertilization and inoculation with Azotobacter Chroococcum. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 42 (3): 260 -4.

Mohammadpour Vashvaei R, Ghanbari A and Fakhri B. 2015. The effect of integrated nutrition composition on the concentration of elements N, P and K, biochemical characteristics and performance of sour tea cups (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 46(3): 517-497. (In Persian).

Naghdibadi HA, Omidi H, Golzad A, Torbati H and Fotookian MH. 2011. Changein crocin, safranal and picrocrocin cotent and agronomical characters of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under biological and chemical of phosphorous fertilizers. Journal Med. Plant, 40(4): 58-68

Nemati M, Dehmardeh M, Khumri A and Nejati Yazdi Nejad M. 2015. The effect of biofertilizer and animal manure application on economic performance and quality characteristics of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(4): 625-610. (In Persian)

Nidhi B, Barnawal D, Awasthi A, Yadav A and Kalra A. 2014. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria alleviate salinity induced negative effects on growth, oil content and physiological status in Mentha arvensis. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36: 45-60.

Omid Beigi H. 2000. Effects of cultivation area on saffron quality, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, 3 (3 and 4): 178-167

Omid Beigi R, Ramezani A, Sadeghi B and Ziaratonia M. 2003. The effect of onion weight on saffron yield in Neishabour climate. the third national conference on Iranian saffron. 11-12 Azar. Mashhad.

Rademacher W. 1994. Gibberellin formation in microorganisms. Plant Growth Regul. 15: 303-14.

Rao MSS and Mendal NJ. 1991. Comparison of chinoli (Brassica campostris) and Brassica napus oil seed rape using different growth regulators, plant population densities and irrigation treatments. Journal of Agricultural Science, 117: 177-187.

Revelou P.K, Mouzoula S, Xagoraris M, Evangelaras H, Papadopoulos G.K, Pappas C.S and Tarantilis P.A. 2022. Optimized Isolation of Safranal from Saffron by Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Rotatable Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology (RCCD-RSM). Separations, 9: 48-51.

Rezvani Moghaddam P, Koocheki A, Molafilabi A and Seyyedi M. 2013. Effect of biological and chemical fertilizers on replacement corm and flower yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 15 (3): 234-46.

Rostami M and Mohammadi H. 2012. Effects of planting date and plant density on the growth and yield of saffron corms (Crocus sativus L.) in climatic conditions Malayer. Journal of Agroecology, 5(1): 27-38 (In Persian)

Sadeghi B. 2003. Saffron is a cultural heritage a national concern. Proceedings of the Third National Saffron Conference. 11-12 Azar. Mashhad.

Salies Pour M and Kiyani Rad M. 2001. Farm evaluation of phosphate fertilizer and replacement with chemically fertilizer in cotton agronomy. Necessity of Production. (A Compilation of Papers) .1st Publication Center Agriculture Education. Karaj, Pp 401-410. (In Persian)

Sharaf-Eldin MA, Elkholy S, Fernández JA, Junge H, Cheetham RD, Guardiola JL and Weathers PJ. 2008. The effect of Bacillus subtilis FZB24 on flowers quantity and quality of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Planta Medica, 74 (10): 1316-1320.

Sharma K.D and Piqueras A. 2010. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) tissue culture: Micropropagation and secondary metabolite production. Funct. Plant Science Biotechnology, 4: 15-24

Sharma AK. 2002. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Agrobios. India, Pp 407-409.

Sheng X. 2005. Growth promotion and increased potassium uptake of cotton and rape by a potassium releasing strain of Bacillus edaphicus. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37: 1918-1922.

Soukrat S; Metougui M.L; Gabone F; Nehvi F; Abousalim S and Benlahabib O. 2019. Study of diversity in some Moroccan population of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 14: 759-769.

Swaefy Hend MF, Sake Weaam RA, Sabh AZ and Ragab AA. 2007. Effect of some chemical and bio-fertilizers on peppermint plants grown in sandy soil. Annals of Agricultural Science, 52(2): 451-463.

Violent HGM and Portugal VO. 2007. Alternation of tomato fruit quality by root inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobactria (PGPR): Bacillus subtilis BEB-13bs. Scientific Horticulture, 113: 103-106.

Vitrac X, Larronde F, Krisa S, Decendit A, Deffieux G and Merillon JM. 2000. Sugar sensingand Ca^{2 +} calmodulin requirementin Vitis vinifera cells producing anthocyanins. Phytochemistry, 53: 659-665.

Wagner GJ. 1979. Content and vacuol/extra vacuole distribution of neutral sugar, free amino acid and anthocyanins in protoplast. Plant Physiology, 64: 88-93.

Wu S.C, Cao Z.H, Li Z.G, Cheung K.C and Wong M.H. 2004. Effect of bio fertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth. Geoderma, 125: 155-166.

Yadav J, Yadav S and Singh S. 2011. Plant Growth Promotion in Wheat Crop under Environmental Condition by PSB as Bio-fertilizer. Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2(1): 76-78.

Yadegari M, Asadirahmani H, Noormohammadi G and Ayneband A. 2010. Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria increase growth, yield and nitrogen fixation in Phaseolus vulgaris. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 33: 1733-1743.

Youssef AA, Edris AE and Gomaa AM. 2004. A comparative study between some plant growth regulators and certain growth hormones producing microorganisms on growth and essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. Plant Annals of Agricultural Science, 49: 299-311.

Zare AA, Malakouti MJ, Bahrami JA and bleach f. 2019. The effect of biofertilizer application on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lemon (Lippia citriodora). Nutrition of Garden Plants, 1(1): 29-40.

Zhang N, Wang D, Liu Y, Li S, Shen Q and Zhang R. 2013. Effects of different plant root exudates and their organic acid components on chemotaxis, biofilm formation and colonization by beneficial rhizosphere-associated bacterial strains. Plant Soil, 374: 689-700.