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تسریع رشد پاییزه و بهبود عملکرد کلزا (Brassica napus L.) با تیمار قارچ تریکودرما برای تعویق زمان کاشت در اقلیمهای سرد | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
دوره 33، شماره 4، دی 1402، صفحه 19-31 اصل مقاله (899.27 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2023.54039.2944 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
بهمن پاسبان اسلام* 1؛ لاله نراقی2 | ||
1مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی | ||
2دانشیار بخش تحقیقات بیماری های گیاهان، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
اهداف: مطالعه بهمنظور بررسی امکان تعویق زمان کاشت پاییزه کلزا از20 شهریور تا 19 مهر ماه در اقلیمهای سرد با افزایش رشد روزت بوتهها برای تحمل به سرمای بهتر و افزایش عملکرد دانه با استفاده از قارچ تریکودرما انجام گرفت. مواد و روشها: پژوهش در ایستگاه خسروشاه مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی طی سال زراعی 1401-1400 اجرا گردید. آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح آماری بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بود. فاکتور اصلی تاریخ کاشت در چهار سطح: 20 و 30 شهریور و 9 و 19 مهر ماه و فاکتور فرعی تیمار قارچ تریکودرما (Trichoderma harzianum) در سه سطح: شاهد (بدون تیمار)، تیمار بذر و تیمار خاک بودند. در این مطالعه ژنوتیپ پاییزه احمدی بهکار رفت. یافتهها: تعویق زمان کاشت پاییزه کلزا از20 شهریور تا 19 مهر ماه در اقلیم سرد آذربایجان شرقی باعث کاهش غلظت کلروفیل برگها، سرعت رشد بوتهها و افزایش درصد سرمازدگی بوتهها و افت معنیدار عملکرد دانه و روغن و اجزای عملکرد دانه گردید. تیمار بذر و خاک مزرعه با قارچ تریکودرما باعث افزایش مقادیر صفات مذکور شد ولی این تغییرات در تیمار بذر با قارچ تریکودرما بهطور معنیداری بیشتر بود. در صورت تیمار بذر با قارچ، میانگین عملکرد دانه در زمان کاشت 20 شهریور ماه 1005 و 19 مهر ماه 613 کیلوگرم در هکتار افزایش داشت. نتیجهگیری: تیمار بذر با قارچ تریکودرما با افزایش رشد پاییزه و کاهش درصد سرمازدگی بوتهها باعث افزایش معنی-دار عملکرد دانه در کشتهای پاییزه بههنگام و دیرهنگام کلزا در اقلیم سرد گردید. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
زمان کاشت؛ سرمازدگی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ کلروفیل برگ؛ مرحله روزت | ||
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