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اثر مدیریت شخم و کشت گیاهان پوششی بر شاخصهای منحنی فشردگی خاک در شرایط رطوبتی مختلف | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 15، دوره 34، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 239-225 اصل مقاله (658 K) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ws.2024.55128.2516 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حسین بیات1؛ عیسی ابراهیمی* 2؛ فرهاد بایزیدی3 | ||
1دانشگاه بوعلی سینا | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه گیلان، ایران، | ||
3کارشناسی ارشد فیزیک و حفاظت خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان، | ||
چکیده | ||
فشردگی خاک یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده رشد ریشه گیاهان است. برای بررسی وضعیت فشردگی از منحنی فشردگی که بیانگر رابطه بین نسبت پوکی و تنش فشاری است، استفاده میشود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی اثر تغییر سیستم خاکورزی و نوع گیاه پوششی بر ویژگیهای فشردگی خاک است. برای بررسی اثر نوع خاکورزی و نوع گیاه پوششی بر شاخصهای منحنی فشردگی محصور، فاکتور گیاه پوششی در سه سطح ماشک، خلر و بدون گیاه پوششی و فاکتور خاکورزی نیز در سه سطح خاکورزی مرسوم، کمینهخاکورزی و بیخاکورزی به صورت آزمون فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی متوالی انجام شد. آزمایشهای سه مکش ماتریک خاک 6، 30 و 1500 کیلوپاسکال انجام شد. منحنی فشردگی در تیمارهای مختلف با استفاده از دستگاه تکمحوری اندازه-گیری شد و سپس شاخصهای منحنی فشردگی محصور شامل تنش پیش-تراکمی، شاخص فشردگی و شاخص تورم تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه مقدار شاخص فشردگی در مکشهای ماتریک 30 و 1500 کیلوپاسکال در تیمار خاکورزی حداقل بدون گیاه پوششی برابر با 63/0 و 75/0 به دست آمده است. نتایج نشان داد که میزان تاثیر نوع خاکورزی و نوع گیاهان پوششی تابعی از مقدار مکش خاک است و در مکشهای ماتریک کم تغییرات معنیداری در فشردگی خاک رخ می-دهد. همچنین مشاهده شد که خاکورزی حفاظتی نسبت به خاکورزی مرسوم سبب بهبود وضعیت فشردگی خاک شده است. بهطورکلی نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از گیاهان پوششی و سیستم خاکورزی حفاظتی در مناطق نیمه خشک نقش مهمی در کاهش فشردگی خاک دارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بیخاکورزی؛ تنش پیش تراکمی؛ خاکورزی حداقل؛ شاخص تراکم؛ گیاهان پوششی | ||
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