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حاصلخیزی پتاسیم در خاک های تعدادی از تاکستان های شهرستان ملایر، غرب ایران | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 34، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 181-201 اصل مقاله (1006.72 K) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ws.2023.57944.2530 | ||
نویسنده | ||
محبوبه ضرابی* | ||
گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر،ملایر،ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
منابع خاکی در حال تخلیه از عناصر غذایی، از جمله پتاسیم، بوده و حاصلخیزی خاکها درحال کاهش است. درخت انگور از محصولات پرنیاز به پتاسیم است. در این مطالعه جزءبندی شیمیایی پتاسیم و ارزیابی شاخص فراهمی کود پتاسیمی در خاک برخی از تاکستانهای شهرستان ملایر استان همدان که یکی از مناطق مهم تولید انگور در کشور است، با هدف بررسی حاصلخیزی پتاسیمی خاک انجام شد. برای محاسبه شاخص فراهمی کود پتاسیمی مقادیر صفر، 25، 75، 225 و 675 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم از پتاسیم به صورت نمک کلرید پتاسیم، به 20 نمونه خاک تاکستان اضافه و به مدت 21 روز در دمای2 ±25 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت ظرفیت مزرعهای نگهداری شدند. میانگین غلظت اجزای محلول، تبادلی، غیرتبادلی و ساختاری پتاسیم در خاکها بهترتیب 52، 314، 704 و 12381 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم بهدست آمد. در مطالعات کانیشناسی بخش رس، کانیهای ایلایت، کلرایت، پالیگوراسکایت و اسمکتایت با فراوانی بیشتر مشاهده شدند. دامنه شاخص فراهمی کود پتاسیمی، 87/0 تا 38/1 بهدست آمد. اگرچه مقادیر پتاسیم کل و مطالعات کانیشناسی نشان داد، اکثر خاکهای مورد مطالعه از نظر پتاسیم حاصلخیز بوده و هوادیدگی کانیهای پتاسیمی میتواند تأمین کننده پتاسیم مورد نیاز گیاه باشد، با این وجود در 35 درصد از خاکها، از جمله در منطقه جوزان (یکی از میراث مهم کشاورزی جهان) تثبیت پتاسیم مشاهده شد. لذا، مطالعات تکمیلی در ارتباط با مصرف کودهای پتاسیمی در این خاکها توصیه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پتاسیم؛ تاکستان؛ تثبیت؛ جوزان؛ شاخص فراهمی کود پتاسیمی | ||
مراجع | ||
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