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تأثیر مواد نفتی و هوادیدگی فیزیکی بر آب گریزی و ویژگی های هیدرولیکی دو خاک لوم شنی و لوم رسی | ||
دانش آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 34، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 136-155 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ws.2023.55097.2515 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اعظم مرادی1؛ محمدرضا مصدقی* 2؛ الهام چاوشی1؛ آزاده صفادوست3؛ محسن سلیمانی4 | ||
1گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران | ||
2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان | ||
3گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا، همدان، ایران | ||
4دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در این پژوهش تأثیر مواد نفتی و هوادیدگی فیزیکی بر آبگریزی و ویژگیهای هیدرولیکی دو خاک لوم شنی و لوم رسی بررسی شد. خاکها با سه سطح مواد نفتی (0، 5/0 و 1%) و با دو شرایط ساختمانی خاک (دستخورده و هوادیده فیزیکی) تیمار شدند. سپس آبگریزی خاک به روش زمان نفوذ قطره آب (WDPT)، و منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی و هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع خاک در تیمارهای آزمایشی اندازهگیری شد. دادههای منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاک با معادله ونگنوختن مدلسازی شد. نتایج نشان داد به دلیل افزایش آبگریزی (WDPT) در اثر افزودن مواد نفتی، نگهداشت آب خاک کاهش یافت. با افزایش درجه آبگریزی خاک (ناشی از افزودن نفت)، هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع (K_S) (از مقدار 98/7 در شاهد به cm h-1 64/5 در تیمار 1%) و رطوبت اشباع (θ_s) (از مقدار 547/0 در شاهد به cm3 cm-3 457/0 در تیمار 1%) و رطوبت باقیمانده (θ_r) (از مقدار 122/0 در شاهد به cm3 cm-3 112/0 در تیمار 1%) کاهش معنیداری یافته و پارامترهای مقیاس () (از مقدار 130/0 در شاهد به cm-1 240/0 در تیمار 1%) و شکل (n) (از مقدار 36/1 در شاهد به 56/1 در تیمار 1%) افزایش معنیداری یافتند. هیدروکربنهای نفتی سبب کاهش آب فراهم خاک برای گیاه (از مقدار 084/0 در شاهد به cm3 cm-3 049/0 در تیمار 1%) شدند. درجه آبگریزی (WDPT) در خاک هوادیده فیزیکی (s 2/30) نسبت به خاک دستخورده (s 9/23) به طور معنیداری بیشتر بود. نتایج این پژوهش در مدیریت خاکهای آلوده به نفت در شرایط مختلف (بافت و ساختمان خاک) قابل استفاده خواهد بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبگریزی خاک؛ پارامتر شکل؛ پارامتر مقیاس؛ مدل ونگنوختن؛ منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاک | ||
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