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نظام سیاسی مطلوب در فلسفه سیاسی کارل اشمیت | ||
مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
مقاله 24، دوره 17، شماره 44، آذر 1402، صفحه 467-487 اصل مقاله (1.27 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2023.56825.3542 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مهدی صادقی آهنگر کلایی1؛ سعید اسلامی* 2؛ بهروز دیلم صالحی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران | ||
2دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران. | ||
3استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
مسئله ماهیت دولت از جمله مهمترین مسائل فلسفه سیاسی است و هر تفسیری از ماهیت دولت در نوع خود، تفسیری از غایات حکومت و بهترین شکل دولت است؛ از اینرو، ضرورت اطاعت از دولت، مشروعیت سیاسی و آزادی را به دنبال خواهد داشت. تحقیق حاضر که از حیث محتوا بنیادی نظری است، با چارچوب نظری دموکراسی رادیکال موفه با تمرکز بر یکی از چهرههای برجسته فلسفه سیاسی و حقوق عمومی در قرن بیستم، تلاش نموده تا به این سوال اصلی پاسخ دهد که حکومت مطلوب در الهیات سیاسی کارل اشمیت، چه نوع حکومتی و واجد چه ماهیتی است. حاصل این تحقیق نشان میدهد که فهم وتفسیر ماهیت دولت و همچنین حکومت مطلوب در فلسفه سیاسی و الهیات سیاسی اشمیت، در پرتو فهم مفاهیم بنیادی در اندیشه او میباشد؛ یعنی الهیات سیاسی، امر سیاسی، قاعده دوست/ دشمن/ دیکتاتوری مستقل، حاکمیت، مفهوم استثنا در نقد نظام پارلمانی لیبرال اروپایی، انسانشناسی منفی، انطباق شهروندی با ملیت سیاسی، نقد مفهوم اکثریت در دموکراسی لیبرال است. همچنین مشخص میشود که حکومت مطلوب اشمیت، با نوع دموکراسی رادیکال هویتگرا قابل انطباق میباشد. از این رو اهمیت این تحقیق، به نقد روزافزونِ دموکراسی لیبرال و ظهور دولتهای دموکراتیک رادیکال، خاصه در آمریکای لاتین بازمیگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
حاکمیت؛ استثنا؛ نظام سیاسی؛ الهیات سیاسی؛ دموکراسی رادیکال؛ کارل اشمیت | ||
مراجع | ||
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