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Critical Rationalism and Post-Truth | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 17، شماره 42، خرداد 1402، صفحه 91-106 اصل مقاله (393.73 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2000.16575 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Thomas Hainscho | ||
| Lecturer in philosophy at University of Klagenfurt, Austria | ||
| چکیده | ||
| 'Post-truth' has become a buzzword for numerous current crises: the fragmentation of the media landscape, the ongoing debate about 'fake news', the loss of trust in science, etc. Although these crises take place in society, it is claimed that the roots of post-truth can be traced back to the history of philosophy. Occasionally, it is asserted that Karl Popper's critical rationalism gave rise to post-truth: His rejection of verificationism has limited truth claims in the realm of science. Given the absence of infallible evidence and certainty, critical rationalism calls for challenging scientific authority. I argue that post-truth is compatible with critical rationalism from an epistemological point of view, considering that both positions are critical of certainty. However, in critical rationalism, fallibilism, responsibility, and the idea of criticism are combined, and in this respect, it offers a possible way to overcome the problems that are associated with post-truth. This treatment of the problems of post-truth results from the recognition of moral responsibility to take action on the basis of a hypothesis that remains open to revision. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| critical rationalism؛ post-truth؛ responsibility؛ disagreement؛ crisis؛ fallibilism؛ criticism | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Albert, H. (1985). Treatise on Critical Reason. Princeton University Press. Baron, I. Z. (2019). Falsifiability, the politics of evidence, and the importance of narratives, Critical Studies on Security, 7(2), pp. 171–177. 10.1080/21624887.2018.1441640. Brahms, Y. (2020). Philosophy of Post-Truth. Institute for National Security Studies. https://www.inss.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Philosophy-of-Post-Truth.pdf (Accessed: 26 September 2022). Bufacchi, V. (2021). Truth, lies and tweets: A Consensus Theory of Post-Truth, Philosophy and Social Criticism, 47(3), pp. 347–361. Carlson, M. (2018). The Information Politics of Journalism in a Post-Truth Age, Journalism Studies, 19(13), 1879–1888. 10.1080/1461670X.2018.1494513. D’Ancona, M. (2017). Post Truth. Ebury Press. Ferraris, M. (2014). Manifesto of New Realism. State University of New York Press. Fuller, S. (2000). The Governance of Science: Ideology and the Future of the Open Society. Open University Press. Fuller, S. (2003). Kuhn vs Popper. Icon Books. Fuller, S. (2018). Post-Truth. Knowledge as a Power Game. Anthem. Gadenne, V. (2019). Wahrheit und Falsifikation, Aufklärung und Kritik, 26(1), 28–41. Gili, G. & Maddalena, G. (2022). After Post-Truth Communication, European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy, 14(1). 10.4000/ejpap.2795 Hattiangadi, J. (2019). Fractured Knowledge: “Fake News”, in R. Sassower and N. Laor (eds.) The Impact of Critical Rationalism. Expanding the Popperian Legacy through the Works of Ian C. Jarvie. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 115–128. Jandrić, P. (2018). Post-truth and Critical Pedagogy of Trust, in M. A. Peters, S. Rider, M. Hyvönen, & T. Besley (eds.) Post-Truth, Fake News. Springer, pp. 101–111. Lakatos, I. (1970). Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, in I. Lakatos & A. Musgrave (eds.) Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Cambridge University Press, pp. 91–195. McIntyre, L. C. (2018). Post-Truth. MIT Press. Mika, C. T. H. & Matapo, J. (2018). The Complexity of Post-truth in Research: An Indigenous Speculation, in M. A. Peters, S. Rider, M. Hyvönen, & T. Besley (eds.) Post-Truth, Fake News. Springer, pp. 187–196. Miller, D. (1994). Critical Rationalism. A Restatement and Defence. Open Court. Nanda, M. (2005). Postmodernism, Hindu Nationalism, and “Vedic Science”, in N. Koertge (ed.) Scientific Values and Civic Virtues. Oxford University Press, pp. 220–235. Oxford Languages. (n. d. a). Word of the Year 2016. https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year/2016/ (Accessed: 26 September 2022). Oxford Languages. (n. d. b). Word of the Year: FAQs. https://languages.oup.com/word-of-the-year-faqs/ (Accessed: 26 September 2022). Parravicini, J. (2022). ‘Popper’s Nightmare’, Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5(2), pp. 21–25. 10.13133/2532-5876/17640 Parusniková, Z. & Cohen, R. S. (eds.) (2009). Rethinking Popper. Springer. Popper, K. (1994). The Myth of the Framework. Edited by M. A. Notturno. Rutledge. Popper, K. (2001). All Life is Problem Solving. Rutledge. Popper, K. (2002a). Conjectures and Refutations. Rutledge. Popper, K. (2002b). The Logic of Scientific Discovery. Rutledge. Popper, K. (2005). Logik der Forschung. 11. Auflage. Mohr Siebeck. Popper, K. (2008). After the Open Society. Selected Social and Political Writings. Edited by J. Shearmur & P. N. Turner. Rutledge. Sassower, R. (2020). The Spector of Hypocrisy. Testing the Limits of Moral Discourse. Palgrave Macmillan. Schor-Tschudnowskaja, A. & Benetka, G. (2021). Post-Wahrheit. Über Herkunft und Bedeutung eines modisch gewordenen Begriffs. Neofelis. Shearmur, Jeremy (2021). Abusing Popper, HPS&ST Newsletter, pp. 6–12. Sleigh, Charlotte (2021). The Abuses of Popper, HPS&ST Newsletter, pp. 7–14. Sullivan, P. A. (2005). Are Postmodernist Universities and Scholarship Undermining Modern Democracy? in N. Koertge (ed.) Scientific Values and Civic Virtues. Oxford University Press, pp. 172–190. Tavernise, S. (2019). As Fake News Spreads Lies, More Readers Shrug at the Truth, in The New York Times (ed.) Fake News: Read All About It. The New York Times Educational Publishing, pp. 120–125. | ||
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