Comparative Study of Aquinas and Kant‘s Narration of Ethics and Theology

رعایت جهرمی, محمد

فهرست نشریات دارای اعتبار وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری

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	Comparative Study of Aquinas and Kant‘s Narration of Ethics and Theology
مجله پژوهش های فلسفی
مقاله 16، دوره 11، شماره 21، دی 1396، صفحه 205-215 اصل مقاله (776.95 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی
نویسنده
محمد رعایت جهرمی^*
استادیار گروه فلسفه دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین
چکیده
Since Kant is a son of his time, his thought is originally rooted in the Enlightenment. The distinction between theoretical and practical reason, formal and material conscientiousness, authentic and doctrinal theodicy, sincerity and falsehood, and finally, historical and moral faith religion, are implications of the court held by Kant for metaphysics. Meanwhile, Kantian distinction between deism and theism in one hand, and inclination toward Job and Christ as the symbols of moral faith of religion in the other hand, can be explained by the German Protestantism of the age of Fredrick the Great and his successor. The theology based on practical reason criticizes rationalism in faith and suggests perception of religion through morality. But, Aquinas as a Christian catholic emphasizes on historical religion, revealed religion, Divine legislation, faith in Divine worship and ecclesiastical faith. Aquinas is the most distinguished supporter of rational theology. However, he believed to other kind of theology named theologia sacrae scripturae or sacred theology which its main subject is Divine beings. The main bases of Aquinas‘s ethics are revelation and foundations of church. Kant, in the contrary, tries to make room for faith inside the realm of morality and speak of practical reason theology through denial of theoretical reason.
کلیدواژه‌ها
theoretical reason؛ practical reason؛ theology؛ ethics؛ sacred theology؛ moral faith

مراجع
Howing, Thomas (2016), Kant on opinion, belief and knowledge, in the highest good in Kant's philosophy, De Gruyter Ilkhani, Mohammad (2002), religion and philosophy in Christian western, seven sky [haft aseman], no. 15, Tehran Ilkhani, Mohammad (2003), the history of middle age philosophy, (tarikhe falsafe dar ghoroone vosta) samt press, Tehran. Kant, Immanuel (1998), Critique of pure reason, in Critique of pure reason, translated and edited by Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood, Cambridge university press. Kant, Immanuel (1999), Critique of practical reason, in Practical Philosophy, translated and edited by Mary J. Gregor, Cambridge university press Kant, Immanuel (1996), on the miscarriage of all philosophical trials in Theodicy in Religion and Rational Theology, translated and edited by Allen Wood, Cambridge university press Kant, Immanuel (2001), Religion within the boundaries of mere reason, in Religion and Rational Theology, translated and edited by Allen Wood, Cambridge university press Kretzmann, Norman and Stump, Eleonore (1993), the Cambridge companion to Aquinas, Cambridge University press Milbank, John and Pickstock, Catherine, (2001) Truth in Aquinas, Routledge Schneewind, J. b. (2002) why study Kant's ethics? In groundwork for the metaphysics of morals, Immanuel Kant, edited and translated by Allen W. Wood, Yale University Press Shields, Christopher and Pasnau, Robert, (2016) the Philosophy of Aquinas, Oxford University Press Velde, Rudi te (2006), Aquinas on God, The Divine Science of Summa Theologiae, University of Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Comparative Study of Aquinas and Kant‘s Narration of Ethics and Theology