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ارزیابی بیلان انرژی و اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید چغندر قند با استفاده از تکنیک ارزیابی چرخه حیات (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان پیرانشهر) | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
دوره 32، شماره 3، آبان 1401، صفحه 289-303 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2021.46977.2706 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
معروف خلیلی* 1؛ حمزه حمزه2 | ||
1دانشیاریار بخش کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور- تهران، ایران | ||
2بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندر قند، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان | ||
چکیده | ||
با توجه به سطح زیر کشت بالای چغندر قند در جنوب استان آذربایجان غربی و اهمیت اقتصادی این محصول تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی بیلان انرژی و ... انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری100 نفر از کشاورزان با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 80 نفر نتخاب و پرسشنامه در بین آنها پخش شد شاخص-های انرژی ورودی، انرژی خروجی، انرژی خالص به ترتیب 9/67170، 1215006 و 1147835 مگاژول برآورد شد، سوخت فسیلی، کود شیمیایی و آب آبیاری به ترتیب 29/31، 76/27 و 91/24 درصد از کل انرژی ورودی را به خود اختصاص دادند. جهت تولید یک تن چغندرقند به ترتیب 274/0، 161/0، 00161/0، 80/11 و 00074/0 کیلوگرم از هر یک از آلاینده های NH3، N2O، NOX، CO2 و CH4 وارد محیط شدند، آلاینده NH3 بیشترین سهم را در قالب گروه تأثیر اسیدیته و اوتریفیکاسیون به خود اختصاص داد. در این مطالعه شاخص نهایی گروههای تاثیر:گرمایش جهانی،اسیدیته، تخلیه منابع فسیلی و تخلیه منابع آبی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و پتاسیم در تولید چغندرقند در به ترتیب 01/0، 0013/0، 00049/0 و 60/0، 0195/0 برآورد شد. شاخص نهایی زیست محیطی(EcoX) و شاخص نهایی تخلیه(RDI) در تولید این محصول به ترتیب برابر 0295/0 و 0806/0 بودند. گروههای تاثیر تخلیه منابع تخلیه منابع آبی و تخلیه منابع فسفات بترتیب بیشترین پتانسیل آسیب به محیط زیست را در قالب گروههای تاثیر تخلیه منابع داشتند، بنابراین با احداث سیستم های آبیاری تحت فشار با بازده آبیاری بالا به خصوص آبیاری قطره ای میتوان با حفظ پتانسیل عملکرد چغندر قند آسیب های زیست محیطی ناشی از تخلیه منابع آبی را کاهش داد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلاینده؛ شاخص تخلیه؛ شاخص زیست محیطی؛ کود شیمیایی؛ انرژی ورودی | ||
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