References

Adesanya AW, Waters TD, Lavine MD, Walsh DB, Lavine LC, 2020. Multiple insecticide resistance in onion thrips populations from Western USA. Pesticides Biochemistry and Physiology 165: 1–8.

Allahveisi S, Parvizi K, 2020. The effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizers on population density of cucumber thrips. Greenhouse Vegetables 3 (1): 55–64

Buckland K, Reeve J, Alston D, Nischwitz C, Drost D, 2013. Effects of nitrogen fertility and crop rotation on onion growth and yield, thrips densities, Iris Yellow Spot Virus and soil properties. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 177: 36–74.

Carvalho SP, Moraes JC, Carvalho JG, 1999. Silica effect on the resistance of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench to the greenbug Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil 28: 505–510.

Colella T, Candido V, Campanelli G, Camel I, 2009. Mycorrhization on insect pest in festations and yield in tomato crop. Phytoparasitica 42: 235–246.

Flavia B, Jair C, Custodio D, Cristiana S, 2008. Use of Silicon as Inductor of the Resistance in Potato to Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Crop protection 37: 185–190

Gao X, Zou C, Wang L, Zhang F, 2006. Silicon decreases transpiration rate and conductance from stomata of maize plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition 29: 1637–1647

Gill H K, Garg H, Gill AK, Gillett-Kaufman JL, Nault BA, 2015. Onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) biology, ecology, and management in onion production systems. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 6 (1): 6 doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmv006

Ghorbani R, Hatami B, Mousavi SK, Nazari S, 2010. Study of the effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on sugar beet growth and population dynamism of Empoasca decipiens (Hom.: Cicadellidae) and Thrips tabaci (Thys.: Thripidae). Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 78 (1): 61–80

Grode A, Chen S, Walker ED, Szendrei Z, 2017. Onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) feeding promotes infection by Pantoea ananatis in onion. Journal of Economic Entomology 110: 2301–2307.

Hatami B, Khajehali J, Mobli M, 2005. Investigation of the effect of moisture stress on population and thrips damage (Thrips tabaci Thys: Thripidae). 4^th Horticultural Science Congress, November 8–10, Mashhad, Iran, P. 218 (In Persion)

Iglesias L, Havey MJ, Nault BA, 2021. Management of onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) in organic onion production using multiple IPM tactics. Insects 12: 207. doi.org/10.3390/insects 12030207

Kannan HO, Mohamed MB, 2000. The impact of irrigation frequency on population density of thrips, Thrips tabaci (Thripidae, Thysanoptera) and yield of onion in E1 Rahad, Sudan. Annals of  Applied Biology 138: 129–132

Kohansal M, Khajehali J, Hatami B, Mobli M, 2018. Effects of irrigation regimes on seasonal population dynamics and damage of Arboridia kermanshah (Dlabola) on different grape cultivars in Isfahan. Water and Soil Science 22 (2): 211–221

Krugner RJR, Hagler RL, Groves MS, Sisterson JG, Johnson MW, 2012. Plant water stress effects on the net dispersal rate of the insect vector Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and movement of its egg parasitoid, Gonatocerus ashmeadi (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Environmental Entomology 41 (6): 1279–1289

Larentzaki E, Shelton AM, Plate J, 2008. Effect of kaolin particle film on Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), oviposition, feeding and development on onions: A lab and field case study. Crop Protection 27: 727–734.

Liang Y, Chen Q, Liu Q, Zhang W, Ding R, 2003. Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Journal of Plant Physiology 160 (10): 1157–1164.

Marco AB, Jair C, Geraldo A, Carvalho C, Rita CR, 2003. Effect of sodium silicate application on the resistance of wheat plants to the green-aphids Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Crop Protection 32: 659–663

Moretti EA, Harding RS, Scott JG, Nault BA, 2019. Monitoring onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) susceptibility to spinetoram in New York onion fields. Journal of Economic. Entomology 112: 1493–1497.

Nazemi A, Khajeali J, 2015. Imidacloprid resistance in Thrips tabaci (Thys. Thripidae) populations collected from onion fields in Isfahan. Iranian Juornal of Plant Protection Scinence 46 (1): 87–94.

Nikpay A, Soleyman Nejadian E, 2013. Field applications of silicon-based fertilizers against sugarcane yellow mite Oligonychus sacchari. Sugar Technology 16 (3): 319–324.

Parrella MP, Costamagna TP, Kaspi R, 2007. The addition of potassium silicate to the fertilizer mix to suppress Liriomyza leafminers attacking chrysanthemums. Acta Horticulturae 747: 365–369.

Prakash NB, Narayanswamy C, Hanumantharaju TH, 2010. Effect of calcium silicate as a silicon source on growth and yield of rice in different acid soils of Karnataka, South India. International Rice Research Notes pp: 0117–0119

Rahbar M, Fathipour Y, Soufbaf M, 2018. Fertilizer-mediated ditrophic interactions between Aphis gossypii and cucumber. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 20: 987–998.

Razzak MA, Seal DR, 2017. Effect of plastic mulch on the abundance of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and yield of jalapeno pepper in south Florida. Proceeding of Florida State Horticultural Society 130: 124–128.

Reynolds OL, Keeping MG, Meyer JH, 2009. Silicon-augmented resistance of plants to herbivorous insects: a review, Annals of Applied Biology 155: 171–186.

Sarwar M, 2012. Effects of potassium fertilization on population build up of rice stem borers (lepidopteran pests) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield. Journal of Cereals and Oil seeds 3 (1): 6–9.

Savant NK, Korndörfer GH, Datnoff E, Snyderc GH, 1999. Silicon nutrition and sugarcane production: a review. Journal of Plant Nutrition 22 (12): 1853–1903.