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تأثیر افزودن سطوح مختلف سین بیوتیک به شیر بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم، فراسنجههای خونی و قوام مدفوع در برههای شیرخوار نژاد دالاق | ||
پژوهش های علوم دامی (دانش کشاورزی) | ||
دوره 32، شماره 2، شهریور 1401، صفحه 31-46 اصل مقاله (526.09 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/as.2022.44424.1604 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
عبدالحکیم توغدری* 1؛ محمد اسدی2؛ تقی قورچی3 | ||
1گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
3گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
چکیده | ||
چکیده زمینه مطالعاتی: مدیریت برههای شیرخوار در سه ماه اول تضـمین کننـده سـلامت و تولیـد آینـده آنهـا اسـت. وضـعیت فیزیولوژیکی ویژه حیوان در این دوره شامل توانایی جذب مولکول درشت بهویژه ایمیونوگلوبولینها از روده و مستعد بودن به عفونت روده و اسهال است. استفاده از آنتی بیوتیک در جیره غذایی حیوانات ، باکتری های مفید را از بین می برد و از سیستم ایمنی سلولی پشتیبانی خوبی نمی کند. بنابراین، جایگزینی آنتی بیوتیک ها با سایر ترکیبات مانند پربیوتیک ها ، پروبیوتیک ها و سینبیوتیک ها به عنوان یک راه حل مناسب در نظر گرفته می شود. هدف: این آزمایش به منظور بررسی تأثیر افزودن سطوح مختلف سین بیوتیک به شیر بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم، فراسنجههای خونی و قوام مدفوع در برههای شیرخوار نژاد دالاق انجام شد. روش کار: 24رأس برهی شیرخوار با متوسط وزن 7/1±5 کیلوگرم در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار و شش تکرار مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارها شامل: 1) تیمار شاهد (بدون افزودن سینبیوتیک به شیر)، 2) تیمار دریافت کننده 5/2 گرم سین-بیوتیک، 3) تیمار دریافت کننده 5 گرم سینبیوتیک و 4) تیمار دریافت کننده 5/7 گرم سینبیوتیک بودند. طول دوره آزمایش 90 روز بود. جهت بررسـی تغییرات وزن، برهها یک روز در هر هفته توزین شدند. اندازهگیری مصرف ماده خشک و ثبت اسکور مدفوع به صورت روزانه انجام شد. نمونههای مدفوع جهت انجام آزمایش قابلیت هضم در هفته پایانی به مدت 5 روز جمعآوری گردید. خونگیری تمام برهها از طریق ورید وداج در روز 83 انجام شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که افزایش سطح سینبیوتیک در شیر، افزایش ماده خشک مصرفی، وزن روزانه و وزن پایان دوره را در پی دارد (05/0P˂) اما ضریبتبدیل غذایی تحت تاثیر مصرف سینبیوتیک قرار نگرفت (05/0P>). قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی، ماده خشک، ماده آلی و عصاره اتری در بین تیمارهای آزمایشی تفاوت معنی داری نشان نداد (05/0P>). ایمونوگلوبولینها در خون برهها با افزایش سطح سینبیوتیک در شیر، افزایش یافت (05/0P˂) بطوریکه در تیمار 5/7 گرم سینببیوتیک بیشترین و تیمار شاهد کمترین غلظت ایمونوگلوبولینها را داشتند (05/0P˂). غلظت پروتئین کل، آلبومین، گلوبولین و نسبت آلبومین به گلوبولین خون تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت (05/0<P) اما غلظت کلــسترول، گلوکز، تــریگلیــسیرید، نیتروژن آمونیاکی، لیپوپروتئین های بـا چگـالی زیـاد، لیپـوپروتئین هـای بـا چگـالی کـم و لیپـوپروتئین هـای بـا چگـالی خیلی کـم تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت (05/0P˂) بطوریکه افزایش سطح سینبیوتیک سبب افزایش تــریگلیــسیرید، لیپـوپروتئین هـای بـا چگـالی کـم و لیپـوپروتئین هـای بـا چگـالی خیلی کـم شدهاست (05/0P˂) ولی مصرف بیشتر سینبیوتیک در شیر کلــسترول، گلوکز، نیتروژن آمونیاکی و لیپـوپروتئین هـای بـا چگـالی زیـاد را کاهش داد (05/0P˂). نمره قوام مدفوع با افزایش سطح سینبیوتیک در شیر، کاهش معنی داری داشت به صورتی که در سطح 5 گرم سینببیوتیک، کمترین نمره قوام و در تیمار شاهد، بیشترین نمره قوام مدفوع مشاهده شد (05/0P˂) روزهای ابتلا به اسهال اختلاف آماری نداشت ولی از نظر عددی تیمار شاهد بیشترین تعداد روزهای ابتلا به اسهال را داشت (05/0P>). نتیجهگیری نهایی: در مجموع با توجه به نتایج حاضر استفاده از سینبیوتیک در برههای شیرخوار جهت بهبود عملکرد و سلامتی دام توصیه میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بره شیرخوار؛ فراسنجههای خونی؛ قابلیت هضم؛ قوام مدفوع؛ سینبیوتیک | ||
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