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تأثیر توسعه شهرکهای گلخانهای بر تأمین نیاز زیست محیطی دریاچه ارومیه با استفاده از مدل SWAT (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبریز آجیچای) | ||
| دانش آب و خاک | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 33، شماره 3، مهر 1402، صفحه 89-108 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ws.2021.48404.2444 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صابره دربندی* 1؛ محمد عیسی زاده2؛ احمد فاخری فرد3 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تولید چند برابری محصولات کشاورزی در محیط گلخانه نسبت به محیط باز به ازای مصرف آب برابر یکی از راهکارهای مهم در استفاده بهینه از منابع آب میباشد. در این تحقیق سه سناریو بدبینانه، عادی و ایدهآل جهت توسعه شهرکهای گلخانهای در حوضه آبریز آجیچای تنظیم گردید. جهت ارزیابی اثرات اجرای سناریوهای توسعه شهرکهای گلخانهای از مدل ابزار ارزیابی آب و خاک (SWAT) در بازه زمانی 2016- 1987استفاده گردید. شاخصهای آماری حاکی از دقت بالای شبیهسازی در کلیه ده ایستگاه آبسنجی میباشد، به طورریکه در ایستگاه آخولا (خروجی حوضه) آمارههای همبستگی، نش-ساتکلیف و جذر میانگین مربعات خطا در دوره واسنجی به ترتیب برابر با 92/0، 83/0 و 48/6 مترمکعب بر ثانیه و در دوره صحتسنجی به ترتیب برابر با 86/0، 73/0 و 23/3 مترمکعب بر ثانیه بوده است. توسعه شهرکهای گلخانهای با مساحت 1875 هکتار در حوضه آجیچای به ازای سناریو اول و دوم به ترتیب موجب افت متوسط 68/11 و 41/4 متری و به ازای سناریو سوم موجب افزایش 86/3 متری متوسط تراز آب زیرزمینی آبخوانهای حوضه آجیچای نسبت به شرایط اولیه گردیده است. در انتهای دوره شبیهسازی سناریو سوم، افزایش حجم جریان در ایستگاه آبسنجی آخولا به میزان 5/28 میلیون مترمکعب در سال بوده است. نتایج سناریو سوم نشان داد که از کل حجم کاهش یافته از برداشت آبهای زیرزمینی، 24 درصد آن از طریق رودخانهها به دریاچه ارومیه تخلیه گردیده، 38 درصد آن مربوط به آب برگشتی آبیاری سنتی بوده و بخش دیگر آن صرف افزایش برداشت بخش کشاورزی از آبهای زیرزمینی و رودخانهها گردیده است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آب زیرزمینی؛ تغذیه رودخانه؛ حوضه آبریز آجیچای؛ شهرک گلخانهای؛ مدل SWAT | ||
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