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تاثیر روش های خاک ورزی حفاظتی و مقادیر مختلف سوپر جاذب رطوبت بر خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و کارآیی مصرف آب در ذرت دانه ای | ||
مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 6، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 47-57 اصل مقاله (1.2 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jam.2021.13123 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مجید روزبه* ؛ سیدابراهیم دهقانیان | ||
بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، داراب، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
چکیده به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر روشهای خاکورزی حفاظتی و مقادیر مختلف سوپرجاذب بر خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و کارآیی مصرف آب آبیاری در ذرت دانهای پژوهشی مزرعهای بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی داراب طی دو سال زراعی اجرا شد. عامل کرت اصلی شامل خاکورزی مرسوم، کمخاکورزی، بیخاکورزی و عامل کرت فرعی شامل کاربرد 80 ، 100، 120، 140 کیلوگرم در هکتار سوپرجاذب و عدم مصرف سوپرجاذب (بهعنوان شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد که روشهای بیخاکورزی و کمخاکورزی موجب افزایش جرم مخصوص ظاهری خاک به ترتیب بهمیزان 3/19 و 2/9 درصد نسبت به خاکورزی مرسوم در لایه 10-0 سانتیمتر خاک شده است. یافته ها همچنین آشکار ساخت که مقادیر سوپرجاذب تاثیر معنیداری بر جرم مخصوص ظاهری و شاخص مخروطی در لایه سطحی خاک داشتند. بیشترین میزان تخلخل و کمترین مقدار جرم مخصوص و شاخص مخروطی خاک زمانی مشاهده شد که ماده سوپر جاذب رطوبت بهمیزان120 و 140 کیلوگرم در هکتار مصرف شده بود. عملکرد دانه ذرت و کارایی مصرف آب آبیاری واکنش های متفاوتی به مقادیر سوپرجاذب داشتند. بیشترین میزان عملکرد دانه ذرت و کارآیی مصرف آب آبیاری از ترکیب روشبی خاکورزی و مقادیر 120 و 140 کیلوگرم سوپرجاذب، بدون داشتن اختلاف معنیداری حاصل شد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق با توجه به میانگین عملکرد محصول و کارآیی مصرف آب آبیاری، بهکارگیری 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار ماده سوپرجاذب در ترکیب با روش بی خاکورزی برای نواحی جنوب استان فارس و مناطقی با اقلیم مشابه مناسب تشخیص داده شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
واژه های کلیدی: جرم مخصوص ظاهری؛ سوپرجاذب؛ شاخص مخروطی؛ عملکرد ذرت؛ وضعیت بقایا | ||
مراجع | ||
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