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ارزیابی برخی خصوصیات اکو فیزیولوژیک ذرت S.C 704 در کشت مخلوط افزایشی با گیاه ماش | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
دوره 30، شماره 4، دی 1399، صفحه 45-58 اصل مقاله (1 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/saps.2020.12291 | ||
نویسنده | ||
حسن نوریانی | ||
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
اهداف: از آنجاییکه بهبود استفاده از منابع محیطی در کشت مخلوط یکی از راهکارهای اساسی برای رسیدن به کشاورزی پایدار است، بر این اساس بهمنظور بررسی برخی خصوصیات اکو فیزیولوژیک ذرت S.C 704 در کشت مخلوط افزایشی با گیاه ماش این آزمایش انجام گردید. مواد و روشها: آزمایش بر مبنای طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و چهار تکرار طی تابستان سال 1397 بهصورت مزرعهای در منطقه دزفول اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل نسبتهای مختلف کشت مخلوط افزایشی ذرت- ماش (افزودن 10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 درصد از تراکم مطلوب گیاه ماش به تراکم مطلوب ذرت) و کشت خالص ذرت (شاهد) بود. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر تیمارهای مختلف کشت مخلوط افزایشی ذرت- ماش بر شاخص سطح برگ، دوام سطح برگ، میزان جذب تشعشع، سرعت رشد محصول، تجمع ماده خشک و کارایی مصرف تشعشع معنیدار بود. اما سرعت رشد نسبی تحت تأثیر معنیدار تیمارهای آزمایش قرار نگرفت. در این تحقیق، با افزایش تراکم ماش مقادیر صفات مورد ارزیابی در کلیه تیمارهای کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص ذرت بیشتر شد. در این میان، تیمار کشت مخلوط افزایشی ذرت+40% ماش با بهرهگیری از مقادیر بیشتر شاخص سطح برگ (28/5)، دوام سطح برگ (217 LAI- روز)، جذب تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی (12/18 مگاژول بر مترمربع در روز)، سرعت رشد محصول (14/30 گرم بر مترمربع در روز) و سرعت رشد نسبی (0838/0 گرم بر گرم در روز) نسبت به دیگر تیمارهای آزمایش بیشترین میزان تجمع ماده خشک (50/1996 گرم بر مترمربع) و بهتبع آن بالاترین میزان کارایی مصرف تشعشع (91/2 گرم بر مگاژول) را به خود اختصاص داد. نتیجهگیری: بهطور کلی میتوان تیمار ذرت+40% ماش را بهعنوان بهترین سیستم کشت مخلوط افزایشی ذرت- ماش از نظر بهرهبرداری از منابع محیطی و تولید ماده خشک معرفی نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی؛ ذرت؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ کارایی مصرف نور؛ کشت مخلوط | ||
مراجع | ||
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