آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 45 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,513 |
| تعداد مقالات | 18,465 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 60,269,878 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 21,274,392 |
The Position of Superstition and Anti-Superstition in Iran’s Political Thought with an Emphasis on the Qajar Era | ||
| فصلنامه تاریخ نامه ایران بعد از اسلام | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 11، شماره 23، تیر 1399، صفحه 45-68 اصل مقاله (378.83 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jiiph.2020.11371 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Mohammad Reza Dehshiri* 1؛ Fariba Masoudi2؛ Mahmoud Ketabi3؛ Ali Akbar Amini4 | ||
| 1استاد دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر رضا | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان | ||
| 4استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| During Qajar era, superstition and anti-superstition have had great impact on Iran's political thought. Superstitious context as an irrational process and major obstacle to the growth of political thought in Iran, exhorted the society towards subjectivist and reductionist approach. Rational intellectuals, on the other hand, endeavored to erode superstitious trends for pushing the society towards rationality and development. This article with a qualitative historical and analytical methodology and through collecting the library data tries to answer the question that "how superstitious culture had influenced the political thought of Iran during the Qajar period?" The hypothesis of the research is that the culture of superstition and irrationality through subjectivism and reductionism influenced the political thought of Iran during Qajar era, which in its turn led to the "intellectual despotism" and consequently to the "political tyranny". Based on the Giddens conception of the interaction between structure and agency, the article concludes that the contextual factors notably the superstitious culture led to the despotic mindset of Iranian rulers during Qajar period. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Political Thought؛ Superstition؛ rationality؛ development؛ Qajar era؛ Iran | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Adamiyat, F. (1956). Ideology of Constitutional Movement. Tehran: Nashre Payam
- Adamiyat, F. (1961). The Thought of Freedom: Introduction to Constitutional Movement. Tehran: Sokhan.
- Adamiyat, F. (1970). The Thoughts of Mirza Fath-Ali Akhoundzadeh. Tehran: Kharazmi.
- Adamiyat, F. (1984). The Thoughts of Talebof Tabrizi. Tehran: Damavand.
- Adamiyat, F. (1978). The Thoughts of Mirza Agha Khan Kermani. Tehran: Payam.
- Afzal-Al Molk, G. (1983). Afzal-olTavarikh. Tehran: Nashre Tarikhe Iran.
- Ajoudani, M. (2003). Iranian Constitutionalism. Tehran: Akhtaran
- Akbari Beiragh, H. (2000). Literature of Constitutionalism. Tehran: Paya.
- Akbarnejad, M.T. (2009). Weakness of rationality as a context for Superstitions, Majalaye Houzeh, 26(152).
- Alavinejad, H. (2004). Quran and Superstition, Faslnamaye Pajouheshiye Qurani, 37(1).
- Aubin, E. (2012) Iran Today: Travelogue and Memories of OjenOben (1906-1907). Tehran: Nashre Elm
- Ayazi, M.A. & Pouya, H. (2011). Theological lectures about Superstition. Tehran: Orouj Publishers.
- Bashiriyeh, H. (2008). The obstacles towards the political development in Iran. Tehran: Game Nou.
- Bontems, A. (1975). Travelogue of Bontems, Translated to Persian by Mansoureh Ettehadiyeh. Tehran: Sepehr Publisher.
- Craib, I. (1992) Modern Social Theory, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- De Kotzebue, M. (1986). Travel to Iran, Translated to Persian by: Mohammad Hedayat. Tehran: Entesharate Javidan.
- Dieulafoy, J. (2011). Travelogue of Madame Dieulafoy, Translated to Persian by: Ali Mohammad Farahvashi, Tehran, Donyaye Ketab.
- Doroudgar, M.J. (2009.) The Roots of Superstitions’ Resurgence, Majalaye Houzeh, 26(152).
- Doulat-Abadi, Y. (1982). The life of Yahya: Vol I. Tehran: Entesharate Ferdousi.
- Enayat, H. (1979). Introduction to the Arab Political Philosophy. Tehran: Entesharate Amir-Kabir.
- Etemad-Al Saltaneh, M.H.K (1978). Sadr-oltavarikh, Edited by Mohammad Moshiri. Tehran, Rouzbahan Publisher.
- Etemad-Al Saltaneh, M.H.K (1983). Matla’ol Shams. Tehran: NashreTarikhvaFarhange Iran Zamin
- Ettehadieh, M. & Sa’dvandian, S. (1982). Memories of Taaj-Al-Saltaneh, Tehran: NashreTarikhe Iran.
- E’tezad-Al-Saltaneh, A.G (1861). Resaleh Falak-olSa’adeh, Tehran: Library of Museum and Documentary Center of Islamic Consultative Assembly.
- Flor, W (1986). Queries of Contemporary Social History of Iran during Qajar Era, Translated by AbolghasemSerri, Tehran: Tous.
- Frazer, J.B. (1985). Winter Travel, Translated and Edited by: Manouchehr Amiri, Tehran: Entesharate Tous.
- Frazer, J.B. (2005). Golden Limb, Translated by: Kazem Firouzmand, Tehran: Nashre Agah.
- Ghasemi, S.F. (2006). Iran’s Journals from Constitutional order till Coup d’état, Payame Baharestan, August, pp. 54-59.
- Giddens, A. (1979). Central Problems in Social Theory, California: University of California Press.
- Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society, California: University of California Press.
- Ha’eri, A. (1981). Shiism and Constitutionalism in Iran, Tehran: Amir-kabir.
- Hedayat, R.G.K (2001). Rouza-tol-Safaye Nasseri: Vol. 8, Edited by JamshidKianfar, Tehran: Entesharate Asatir
- Jabbarlooye Shabestari, B. (2004). An introduction to the press structure of Iran under constitutional movement (1900-1906), Journal of Amouzeh, 6(1), Pp. 135-170.
- Jahoda, G. (1992). Psychology of Superstition, Translated by: Mohammad TaghiBaraheni, Tehran: NashreAlborz.
- Jamshidi, H. (2009). What is Superstition? Majalaye Houzeh, 26 (151).
- Kasirer, E. (1993). Philosophy of Scholasticism, Translated by Najaf Daryabandari, Tehran: Entesharate Kharazmi.
- Kasravi, A. (2006). History of Iran’s Constitutionalism, Tehran: Entesharate Amir-Kabir.
- Kermani, M. (1971). History of Constitutional Revolution in Iran, Vol I, Isfahan: Isfahan University Publisher.
- Kermani, N. (1983). History of Iranian Awakening, Edited by Ali Akbar Saeedi Sirjani, Tehran: Agah
- Khalkhali, S.M. & Pouzesh, M. (2016). A Survey on Intellectual Currents of Constitutional Period, Quarterly of Tarikhnameh Kharazmi, 3(1), pp. 92-117.
- Khansari, J. (1963), KolsoumNaneh, Tehran: Eghbal Publisher.
- Jaubert, P.A. (1968), Travel to Iran and Armenia, Translated to Persian by: Mahmoud Mosaheb, Tehran: Chehr Publisher.
- Kharaghani, S.A. (1960). Mahvol-Mouhoom va Sahvol-Ma’loom, Tehran: Eghbal Publisher.
- Khashei, H. (2001). Contexts of Psychology of Superstitions, Nashriyeh Za’er, 79(1).
- Lorey, E.D & Sladen, D. (1969). The Moon of the Fourteenth Night, Translated to Persian by: Ali Asghar Amir Maghz, Tehran: NashreKetab.
- Madad-Pour, R. (1996). Roundtable on Rationality, Ghabasat Quarterly, 1(1).
- Mahmoud, M. (1988). History of Iran-UK Political Relations in Nineteenth Century: Vol. II, Tehran: Eghbal.
- Mestrovic, S. G. (1998) Anthony Giddens: The Last Modernist, London: Routledge.
- Mirani, E. (1979). Nationalism and Constitutional Movement, Paris: Armankhah
- Mo’emen-olDouleh (2001). Memories of Mo’men-olDouleh, Edited by: SirousSa’dvandsan, Tehran: Zarrin.
- Mohebi, M. (2014). The formation of civil society in modern Iran: public intellectuals and the state, New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Montajabnia, R. (2009). Superstitions from Quran Viewpoint, Tehran: NashreBe’sat.
- Mostashar-od-Douleh, M. (1985). One Word, Edited by Sadegh Sajadi, Tehran: Nashre Tarikhe Iran
- Motahari, M. (1999). Humanity and Destiny, Tehran: Sadra.
- Motahari, M. (2010). Collection of Shahid Motahari’s Works, Tehran, Entesharate Sadra.
- Mourier, J. (2007). Travelogue of James Mourier, - Translated by: AbolghasemSerri, Tehran: Entesharate Sokhan.
- Najmabadi, S. H. (1997). Tahrir-ol-Oghala, Tehran: Armaghan.
- Nourani, M. E. (1973) Constitutional Revolution of Iran, Tehran: Ibn-Sina.
- Nouri, Y (2001). Islam and Human Beliefs and Ideas or Ignorance and Islam, Tehran: NashreNavideNour.
- Olivier, A. G. (1992). Travelogue of Olivier, Translated to Persian by Mohammad TaherMirza, Edited by Gholam-Reza Varahram, Tehran: Nashre Ettela’at.
- Pakdaman, M.H (1999). Society towards Superstition, Mashhad: Nashre Marandiz.
- Parva, F. (2006). Superstition; the uninvited son of Culture, Tehran: Nashre Ghatreh.
- Parvin, N. (2000). History of Journalism of Iranians and other Persian Writers, Tehran: Markaze Nashre Daneshgahi.
- Polak, J. E. (N.D.). Travelogue of Polack (Iran & Iranians), Translated by: Keikavoos Jahandari, Tehran: Kharazmi Publisher.
- Qajar, J. M. (2005). New History (TarikheNou), Edited by: Abbas Eghbal, Tehran: Nashre Elm
- Rahnama, A. (2011). Superstition as Ideology in Iranian Politics: From Majlesi to Ahmadinejad, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Reza Gholi, A. (1998). Sociology of Despotism, Tehran: Nashre Ney.
- Rey Shahri, M. (2009). The reason of Superstition’s Growth during the Time and How to avoid it? Majalaye Houzeh, 26(151).
- Rouholamini, M. (1997). The Astronomers of Kerman during Qajar Period, Majalaye Chista, 14(1).
- Salehi Amiri, S. R. (2015). Superstition: How, Why and - Functions, Tehran: Research Center for Strategic Studies.
- Sari-ol-Ghalam, M. (2019). Iranian Authoritarianism during Qajar Period, Tehran: Forouzane Rooz.
- Sariol-Ghalam, M. (2010). The Political Culture of Iran, Tehran: Research Center for Cultural and social studies.
- Sepehr, L. (1998). Nasekh-olTavarikh, Vol: 1 & 2, Edited by: Jamshid Kianfar, Tehran: Entesharate Asatir.
- Serena, C. (1984). People and Things in Persia, Translated by: GholamrezaSamiee, Tehran: NashreNou.
- Shayegan, D. (2002). Mental idols and Heard Memories, Tehran: Entesharate Amir-Kabir.
- Shafiee Kadkani, A. (2011). With Lights and Mirror, Tehran: Sokhan.
- Shariat Sanglaji, M.H. (1966). The Key to Understand Quran, Tehran: Danesh.
- Sheikhol-Eslami, Javad (1989). The Portrait of Ahmad Shah Qajar, Nashre Mahi.
- Sheikhol-Eslami, Javad (2006). Particularities of Mohammad Ali Shah, Ettelaate Siasi va Eghtesadi, 227 (30), pp 216-233.
- Tabatabaee, S. J. (2014). Rule of Law Theory in Iran, Tehran: Entesharate Minouye Kherad.
- Talebof, A. R. (1978). Ketabe Ahmad, Tehran: Shabgir.
- Vikor, K. S. (2006). Between God and the Sultan: A History of Islamic Law, London: Hurst & Co.
- Yu, D. S. (2017). The Role of Political Culture in Iranian Political Development, London: Routledge
- Zaker Esfahani, A. (2000). European Protestantism and Reformism of Akhoundzadeh, Quarterly of Ketabe Naghd, 16(3). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,426 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 907 |
||