آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 43 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 15,535 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 51,553,327 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 14,493,448 |
Third Power Policy and its Role in the Creation of US-Iran Relations in the Early Rule of Naser al-Din Shah (1850 – 1857 AD) | ||
| فصلنامه تاریخ نامه ایران بعد از اسلام | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 11، شماره 23، تیر 1399، صفحه 21-44 اصل مقاله (393.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jiiph.2020.11369 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Reza Dehghani* 1؛ Fariborz Mohammadkhani2 | ||
| 1دانشیار دانشگاه تبریز و مأمور به خدمت در دانشکده مطالعات جهان دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد تاریخ عمومی جهان از دانشگاه تبریز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Iran in the 19th century was different in foreign policy perspective. The catastrophic failures in Russo-Persian wars, the partition of Caucuses form Iran and the Tsars’ plans for accessing southern seas of Iran, British rule over India and Southern Indian Ocean waterways, all revived the importance of Iran as a buffer country in the Eastern policy of London politicians; events which transformed Iran into a center for Russian-British Bipolar Paradigm rivalry. The Iranian politicians acknowledging the dangers of such dual external rule were seeking a third power to decrease the pressure of their Northern-Southern neighbors. Qajar politicians believed that a third power would be a better balancer against Russia and Britain and would be assisting in the protecting national independence and territorial integrity. On the other side, America as a developed country, which set aside civil wars successfully, with the slogan of friendship and trade, was eager to establish political relations with countries like Iran and sign amity and trade agreements. This was the circumstances in which diplomatic relations between Iran and the US was established in the 19th century (AD). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Iran؛ Qajar؛ America؛ Diplomatic Relations؛ Third Power Policy | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Center for Documentation and the History of Diplomacy (CDHD): Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran; “Azerbaijan provincial governor’s report to Tehran on how the activity of orthodox outsiders and the intervention of the Russian forces in the religious disputes of the Evangelists and followers of Religions of Christianity”, Case 5, File 13, Sheet13.
- Center for Documentation and the History of Diplomacy (CDHD): Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran; Case 5, File 13, Sheets 4-5, February 19, 1857.
- Center for Documentation and the History of Diplomacy (CDHD): Foreign Ministry of Iran; “Mirza Aqa Khan Noori’s letter to Qasim Khan, Iran’s Ambassador in Russia”, Report transcript, 1992, vol 53, pp. 24-25.
- Center for Documentation and the History of Diplomacy (CDHD): Foreign Ministry of Iran; “The Amity and Trade Agreement between Iran and the United States of America”, Case 8, File 9, Sheets 1.1 &1-2, June 13, 1857.
Newspaper
- Newspaper of Vaqaye Etefaqiyeh, 1272, Jamadi Al-Awal, 15{1856, January 23}
Published Works
- Adamiyat, Fereydun (1975). Amir kabir va Iran, Tehran, Kharazmi Publication.
- Afshâri, Davood (2014). Râbete-ye Iran va Amrika az Ebteda ta koudeta-ye 28 Mordad 1332, Tehran, Arena Publication.
- Ali Sufi, Alireza (2010). Naqsh-e siyâsat-e movazeneh va nirou-ye sevom dar Tarikh-e Iran. Tehran, Payame Noor University.
- Amânat, Abbâs (2014). Qebleh-ye Alam, trans. Hassan Kamshad, Tehran, Kârnâmeh publication.
- Ansâri, Sarah F. D and Vanessa Martin (2002). Women, Religion and Culture in Iran. Great Britain, Curzon Press.
- Amin-al-Dowleh, Farrokh Khân (1967) Majmoeh Asnad-e Farrokh Khan Amin-al-Dawleh, under the auspices of Karim Isfahanian and Ghodratolah Roshani. Tehran, University of Tehran Press.
- Deldam, Eskandar (1989) Hadji Washington: Tarikh-e ravabet-e Iran va Amrika dar rouzegar-e Qajariye va Pahlavi. Tehran, Golfam Publishing.
- Etemad Al-Saltaneh, Mohammad Hassan Khan (1970) Sadr al-Tawarikh (first edition). Tehran, Vahid publications.
- Farmân Farmâeian, Hâfez (1976). Tahlil-e Siasat Khareji-ye Iran az Aghaz ta Emrooz, trans. Ismail Shâkeri. Tehran, University of Tehran, Center for International Studies.
- The Fourth Political Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran (1972). Nazari be monasebat-e Iran va Amrika. Tehran, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran.
- Hajj Sayyâh Mahalâti,Mirza Mohammad Ali(1984). Safarnameh-ye Hajj Sayyâhh, by Ali Dehbashi. Tehran, Sokhan Publishing.
- Hooshang Mahdavi, Abdul Reza (1996). Tarikh-e Ravâbet-e Khâreji-ye Iran. Tehran, Amir kabir Publishing.
- Jones, Brydges, Harford (2008). Rouznâmeh safar-e khâterât-e heyat-e 'ezami-ye Engelestan be Iran, trans. Mâni Sâlehi Alâmeh,Tehran, Sâles publisher.
- Khormoji, Mohammad Ja'far (1984). Haqayeq Al-Akhbar-e Nâsseri, by the efforts of Seyed Hossein Khadiv Jam. Tehran, Ney Publications.
- Kâzemzâdeh, Firuz (1975). Rous va Engilis dar Iran, 1864-1914: Mota’leii dar Emperialism, trans. Manuchehr Amiri. Tehran, Ketâbhaye Jibi publications; Franklin.
- Kâveh Jebeli, Alireza, (1992). Siyasat-e Khareji-ye Amir Kabir. Jooya publication.
- Magazine of Foreign Ministry of Iran (1976). “The letter of Mirza Qasim Khan Vali, Iran’s Ambassador to the Foreign Ministry of Iran”, vol.2, No. 4.
- Majdol-molk Sinaki, Mohammad Khan (2012). Kashf Al-Gharraib or Resâle-ye Majdiye, Correction, Preface and Description by Iraj Amini and Nâser Mohajer. Tehran, Abi Publishing.
- Maldwyn, A. J. (1974). American Wars. The United States, Methuen.
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran (1991). Ketab-e Abi-ye Iyâlât-e Motahedeh. Tehran, Ministry of Foreign press.
- Mirza Sâleh Shirazi (1995). Safarnâmeh Mirza Sâleh Shirazi, by Ismail Raeen. Tehran, Rozân Publishing.
- Modir Shânechi, Mohsen (1996). Ahzâb-e Siâsi-ye Iran. Tehran, Rasâ Publications.
- Mohammadi, Gholâm Hassan (2009). Ravâbet-e Farhangi-ye Iran va Amrika (az Ebteda ta Piroozi-ye Enqelâb-e Eslami 1978). Tehran, Ferdos Publications.
- Mojani, Ali (2005). Barasi-ye Tarikh-e Ravâbet-e Iran va Amrika dar Rozegâr-e Qajar va Pahlavi (1851 to 1925). Tehran, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran.
- Morier, James Justinian.(2008). Safarnâmeh James Morier ,vol.1, trans. Abolqâsem Seri.Tehran, Toos Publications.
- Mostashâr al-Duleh, Sadiq (1982). Khâterât va asnâd-e Mostashâr al-Duleh, vol. 2, under the auspices of Iraj Afshar. Tehran, Ferdowsi publication.
- Navâei, Abdol Hussein (1986). Iran va Jahan, vol 2. Tehran, Homa Publicaton.
- Râeen, Esmâil (1994). Hoqoq begirân-e Engelis dar Iran (Ninth Edition). Tehran, Elmi publications.
- Rezâzâdeh Malek, Rahim (1971). Tarikh-e Ravâbet-e Iran va Mamâlek-e Motahedeh-ye Amrika. Tehran, Tahouri publisher.
- Sheehan, Michael (2000). The Balance of Power: History & Theory. Routledge.
- Sepehr, Mohamad Taqi (1998). Nâsekhol Tavârikh, Tarikh-e Qajariyeh, vol. 3, under the auspices of Jamshid Kianfar.Tehran, Asatir Publication.
- Sepehr, Mohamad Taqi (1998). Nasekhol Tavarikh, Tarikh-e Qajariyeh, vol 3, by Jamshid Kianfar. Tehran, Amir kabir Publications.
- Terenzio, Pio-carlo (1984). Reqâbat-e Ros va Ingilis dar Iran va Afghanestan, trans.Abâs Azin, Tehran, Elmi va Farhangi Publications.
- Teymoori, Ebrahim (1984). Asre Bikhabri ya Tarikh-e Emtiazât dar Iran. Tehran, Eqbâl Publication.
- Yeselson, Abraham (1956). United states - Persian diplomatic relations, 1883 – 1921. New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press.
- Yonah, Alexander and Allan, Nanes (1980). The United States and Iran: a documentary history. Frederick Md, Aletheia Books.
- Zain al-A'bedin-e Shirvani, Mohammad Sharif (2016). Bostân Al-Siayyah, vol. 3,Correction and Preface, Manuscripts and Excerpts Manizheh Mahmoudi. Tehran, Haqiqat Publications
- Zoqi, Iraj (1989). Tarikh-e Ravâbet-e Siâsi-ye Iran va Qodrat-hâ-ye Bozorg. Tehran, Pazhang Publishing. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 467 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 353 |
||