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پاسخ کمی و کیفی گیاه بومی چوچاق (Eryngium caucasicum Trautv.) به کاربرد تیمارهای کودی تلفیقی شیمیایی، آلی و زیستی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 30، شماره 2، تیر 1399، صفحه 111-128 اصل مقاله (830.49 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
الهام دانشفر؛ مجید عزیزی* ؛ حسین آرویی | ||
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
چکیده اهداف: امروزه به منظور حفظ عملکرد، استفاده بیش از حد کودهای شیمیایی متداول شده است که مشکلاتی را در پی دارد. کاربرد تیمارهای تلفیقی کود آلی و شیمیایی میتواند از شدت مشکلها بکاهد. مواد و روشها: برای انتخاب تیمار کودی منطبق با اهداف کشاورزی پایدار در گیاه چوچاق، آزمایشی بصورت کرتهای خرد شده در زمان، در مزرعه تحقیقاتی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1395-1394 اجرا گردید. تیمارهای کودی شاهد، شیمیایی، دامی و قارچ میکوریزا Glomus mosseae، به صورت مجزا و تلفیقی به عنوان تیمار اصلی و مراحل برداشت شامل رشد سریع اولیه، ابتدای به ساقه رفتن، رشد مجدد بعد از به بذر رفتن به عنوان تیمار فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. یافتهها : کاربرد تیمارهای کودی و مرحلهی برداشت بر تعداد برگ، عملکرد خشک، تولید فنل، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و عملکرد اسانس اثرگذار بود. بالاترین مقدار فنول (mg GAE.g-1 dry sample 76) در تیمار کود شیمیایی NPK (Kg.ha-1 200) در سومین مرحله برداشت و بیشترین تعداد برگ (28) و عملکرد خشک (Kg.ha-177/498)، درصد اسانس (17/0) و عملکرد اسانس (Kg.ha-185/0)، فلاونوئید (mg QE.g-1 dry sample 01/41) و آنتی اکسیدان (%64/85) در برداشت در مرحله رشد مجدد بعد از به بذر رفتن و تحت تیمار تلفیقی کود شیمیایی (Kg.ha-1 200) + دام (Kg.ha-1 20) حاصل شد. کارایی تیمارهای کودی دامی و میکوریزا با گذشت زمان بهبود یافت نتیجهگیری: با در نظر گرفتن واکنش مطلوب چوچاق به کودهای ترکیبی، توصیه میشود که در بهینهسازی تولید از مزایای کاربرد غلظتهای کاهشیافته کودهای شیمیایی در ترکیب با منابع زیستی بهره برد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آنتی اکسیدان؛ تیمار کودی؛ چوچاق؛ عملکرد؛ مرحلهی برداشت | ||
مراجع | ||
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