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Quine on Charity and Rationality | ||
| مجله پژوهش های فلسفی | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 14، شماره 32، آذر 1399، صفحه 134-147 اصل مقاله (536.42 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jpiut.2020.29178.2097 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
حمیدرضا محبوبی آرانی  1؛ مجتبی درایتی2
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| 1استادیار گروه فلسفه دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دکتری فلسفه، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| W. V. Quine borrows the principle of charity from Neil Wilson, but modifies and enriches its content to fit into his naturalistic philosophy and epistemology. While Wilson ties this principle to the notion of truth, Quine’s attempts in finding a ground for it lead him to the concept of common rationality shared by all human beings, which is ultimately what makes communication, as the basis of our social life, possible. According to the paper's argument, three other expressions, that is, the principles of psychological plausibility, empathy, and projection, which Quine uses in the contexts akin to that of the principle of charity, are not but different terms for one basic idea. Given the ties between the principle of charity and rationality, Quine's wide use of the principle and its affiliated notions proves that rationality is a central, often neglected, idea in his philosophy. The paper begins with an introductory account of the brief explanation Wilson gives of the principle of charity. Then it spells out four concepts or principles of charity, psychological plausibility, empathy, and projection showing how these four notions or principles basically express the same thing. Examining the relation of these last three principles with the principle of charity and rationality, the paper's main objective is to highlight the centrality of common rationality in Quine's philosophy, despite the common view that Quine is purely engaged with semantical aspects of Language. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| rationality؛ the principles of charity؛ psychological plausibility؛ empathy؛ and projection؛ Truth | ||
| مراجع | ||
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- Barrett, Robert B & Gibson, Roger F. (eds.) )1990(, Perspectives on Quine, Oxford: Blackwell. - Davidson, Donald, )1990(, “Meaning, Truth and Evidence” in Barrett & Gibson (eds.) 68-79. - Dennett, Daniel C. )1987(, The Intentional Stance, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. - Grandy, Richard )1973(, “Reference, Meaning and Belief” in Journal of Philosophy 70, 439-52. - Harman, Gilbert )1990(, “Immanent and Transcendent Approaches to the Theory of Meaning” in Barrett & Gibson (eds.) 1990, pp. 144-157. - Hylton, Peter )2007(, Quine, New York & London: Routledge. - Quine, W. V. )1959(, “Meaning and Translation”, in Brower, Reuben A., On Translation, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 1959, 94-112. - Quine, W. V. )1960(, Word and Object, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. - Quine, W. V. )1969ª(, Ontological Relativity and Other Essays, New York: Columbia University Press. - Quine, W. V. )1969b(, “Replies” in Davidson, Donald & Hintikka, Jaakko (eds.), Words and Objections, Dordrecht-Holland/Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company: 1969, 292-352. - Quine, W. V. )1980(, From a Logical Point of View: Nine Logico-Philosophical Essays, second edition, revised, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. - Quine, W. V. (1986), Philosophy of Logic, second edition, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. - Quine, W. V. (1990a), “Three Indeterminacies” in W.V. Quine (2008), 368-384. - Quine, W. V. (1990b), “Comment on Harman” in Barrett & Gibson (eds.) (1990), 158. - Quine, W. V. (1990c), “Comment on Parsons” in Barrett & Gibson (eds.) (1990), 291-3. - Quine, W. V. (1992), Pursuit of Truth, Harvard University Press. - Quine, W. V. (1993), “Where Do We Disagree?” in Hahn, Lewis Edwin (ed.), The Philosophy of Donald Davidson, Chicago and La Salle: Open Court: 1999, 73-79. - Quine, W. V. (1995), From Stimulus to Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. - Quine, W. V. (2004), Progress on Two Fronts, in Quine, W. V 2004, Quintessence, A Basic Readings from the Philosophy of w. V. Quine, Edited by Roger F Gibson, Harvard University Press. - Rosenberg, Alex (2000), Philosophy of Science: A Contemporary Introduction, second edition, New York & London: Routledge - Sundholm, Göran (1984), “Brouwer's Anticipation of the Principle of Charity”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 264-68. - Wilson, N. L. (1959), “Substances without Substrata” in The Review of Metaphysics, volume 12 issue 4, 521-539. - Wilson, N. L. (1970), “Grice on Meaning: The Ultimate Counter-Example” in Nous, vol.4, no. 3 (sep., 1970), 295-302. | ||
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