تعداد نشریات | 44 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,303 |
تعداد مقالات | 16,020 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,489,318 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 15,216,902 |
اثر کودهای نیتروکسین و اوره بر روی برخی صفات کمی و کیفی علوفه حاصل از کشت مخلوط ذرت و شنبلیله در خراسان جنوبی | ||
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار | ||
مقاله 16، دوره 30، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 257-277 اصل مقاله (730.58 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علیرضا شفقی* 1؛ حمید عباس دخت2؛ منوچهر قلی پور2 | ||
1آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود | ||
2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی، تلفیقی و شیمیایی و تاثیر الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط ذرت و شنبلیله روی برخی ازصفات کمی و کیفی علوفه، پژوهشی بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 1395 در منطقه خضری دشت بیاض استان خراسان جنوبی، اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سطوح کودی در پنج سطح بدون کوددهی، مصرف 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره، مصرف 50 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره، کود زیستی نیتروکسین، کود نیتروکسین و50درصد کود شیمیایی توصیه شده و فاکتور فرعی شامل الگوهای کشت در شش سطح کشت خالص شنبلیله و ذرت، 100 درصد ذرت + 25 درصد شنبلیله، 100 درصد ذرت + 50 درصد شنبلیله، 100 درصد ذرت + 75 درصد شنبلیله و 100 درصد ذرت + 100 درصد شنبلیله بودند. بر اساس نتایج آزمایش، عملکرد وزن تر و خشک ذرت در سطح یک درصد تحت تاثیر معنیدار تیمار کوددهی، الگوی کشت و ترکیب تیماری انواع کوددهی و الگوی کشت و عملکرد وزن خشک شنبلیله در سطح یک درصد، تحت تاثیر معنیدار الگوی کشت و ترکیب تیماری انواع کوددهی و الگوی کشت قرار گرفت. تاثیر الگوی کشت و ترکیب تیماری انواع کود و الگوی کشت در سطح یک درصد بر صفات کیفی اندازهگیری شده علوفه معنیدار بود. تاثیر انواع کود در سطح یک درصد بر درصد فیبر علوفه و در سطح پنج درصد بر انرژی ویژه شیردهی علوفه معنیدار بود. بررسی شاخصهای کیفی علوفه نشان داد بیشترین درصد خاکستر علوفه (15/7) از کشت خالص شنبلیله با کاربرد 50 درصد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن، بیشترین میزان انرژی ویژه شیردهی (92/1 مگا کالری بر کیلوگرم) از کشت خالص شنبلیله با کاربرد کود زیستی و بیشترین درصد قند محلول در آب (95/30) از کشت خالص ذرت بدون کوددهی حاصل شد. نتایج نشان داد که وجود شنبلیله در الگوی کشت، باعث بهبود کیفیت علوفه شده و در مجموع، الگوهای کشت ذرت + 75 درصد شنبلیله و ذرت + 100 درصد شنبلیله با کاربرد کوددهی تلفیقی میتواند روش جایگزین مناسبی برای تککشتی ذرت در منطقه محسوب شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
الگوی کشت؛ انرژی ویژه شیردهی؛ کشت مخلوط افزایشی؛ تغذیه تلفیقی؛ کود زیستی | ||
مراجع | ||
Alexandratos N, 2003. World agriculture: towards 2015-30. In Proceeding of Congress on Global food Security and Role of Sustainable Fertilization, 26-28 March 2003. Rome. Italy. Arzani H, 2009. Forage quality and daily requirenment of grazing animal (1st edition).University of Tehran Press, Pp 345. (In Persian). Ayoola O and Makinde TEA, 2011. Cassava/maize intercropping performance and soil nutrient changes with fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3(4): 136-140. Brown B, Westcott M, Christensen N. Pan B, and Stark J, 2005. Nitrogen management for hard wheat protein enhancement. Pacific Northwest Extension Publication, PNW 578. Contreras-Govea FE, Albrecht KA and Muck RE, 2006. Spring yield and silage characteristics of Kura clover, winter wheat, and mixtures. Agronomy Journal, 98: 781-787. Contreras-Govea FE, Muck RE, Armstrong KL and Albrecht KA, 2009. Nutrativevalue of corn silage in mixture with climbing beans. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 53:37-49. Cusicanqui JA and Lauer JG, 1999. Plant density and hybrid influenced on corn forage yield and quality. Agronomy Journal, 91: 911-915. Dahmardeh J, Ghanbari A, Siasar B and Ramroudi M, 2010.Effect of planting ratio and harvest time on forage quality of maize in maize-cowpea intercropping.Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 41(3):633-642. (In Persian). Dalla Santa OR, Soccol CR, Junior PR, Hernandez RF, Michelena Alvarez GL, Dalla Santana HS and Pandey A, 2004. Effects of Azospirillum sp. in maize seeds under field conditions. Food, Agriculture and Environment, 2(1): 238-242. Daryaei F, Chaichi MR and Aghaalikhani M, 2009. Evaluation of forage yield and quality in chickpea/ barley intercropping. Iranian Journal Field Crop Science, 40(2): 11-19. (In Persian). Eskandari H and Ghanbari A, 2009. Intercropping of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna sinensis) as wholecrop forage: Effect of different planting pattern on total dry matter production and maize forage quality. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 37 (2): 152-155. Esmaeili A, Hosseini MB, Mohammadi M and Hosseinikhah FS, 2012. Evaluation of grain yield, dry matter production and some of the forage and silage quality properties in annual medic (Medicago scutellata) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) intercropping. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 28(3): 277-296. (In Persian). Ghanbari S, Moradi- Talavat MR and Siadat SA, 2016. Effect of manure application on forage yield and quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in intercropping. Iranian Journal of Crop Science, 17(4):315-328. (In Persian). Hail Y, Daci M and Tan M, 2009. Evaluation of annual legumes and barley as sole crops and intercrops in spring frost conditions for animal feeding yield and quality. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8(7): 1337-1342. Inal A, Gunes A, Zhang F and Cakmak A, 2007. Peanut/maize intercropping induced changes in rhizospher and nutrient concentrations in shoots.Plant Physiology and Biochemstry, 45:350-356. Javanmard A, Dabbagh mohammadi nasab A, Javanshir A, Moghaddam M and Janmohammade H, 2010. Effects of maize intercropping with legumes on forage yield and quality. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 22(3):137-151. (In Persian). Khalatbari AM, 2006. The effect of sorghum and pear millet intercropping on forage quantity and quality. M.S Thesis, University of Thehran. (In Persian). Kandeel AM, Naglaa SA and Sadek AA, 2002. Effect of biofertilizers on the growth, volatile oil, yield and chemical composition of (Ocimum basilicum L.) plant. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 1: 351-371. Kizilkaya R, 2008. Yield response and nitrogen concentration of spring wheat inoculated with Azotobacter chroococcum strains. Ecological Engineering, 33:150-156. Kocer A and Albayrac S, 2012. Determination of forage yield and quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) with oat and barley. Turkish Journal of Field Crop, 17(1): 96-99. Kordi S, Shafagh kolvanagh J, Zehtab salami S and Daneshvar M, 2018. Response of yield and some physiological traits of sweet basil affected by different nitrogen sources under intercropping with corn. Iraian Journal of Field Crop Scinece, 49(2):185-198. (In Persian). Kramer AW, Timothy AD, Horwath WR and Kessel CV, 2002. Combining fertilizer and organic input to synchronize N supply in alternative cropping systems in California. Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment, 91: 233-243. Li W, Li L, Sun J, Guo T, Zhang F, Bao X, Peng A and Tang C, 2005. Effects of intercropping and nitrogen application on nitrate present in the profile of an Orthic Anthrosol in Northwest China.Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 105: 483-491. Lithourgidis AS, Vasikoglou, IB, Dhima KV, Dordas CA and Yiakoulaki MD, 2006. Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crops Research, 99: 106 – 113. Majidian M and Esfahani M, 2013. Effect of sowing date on yield and some agronomic traits of six forage maize hybrids under Guilan agro-climatic conditions. Journal of Crop Production and Processing Isfahan University of Technology, 3 (9):57-70. (In Persian). Mashhadi E and Abbasdokht H, 2015. Interaction effect of nitroxin biologic fertilizer, mineral nitrogen fertilizer and hydropriming on grain yield and yield components of maize, SC704, Cereal Research Journal, 5(3):273-287. (In Persian). Mirzakhani M, 2015. Relationship of simultaneous cropping with legumes and application of chemical and biological fertilizers with agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in corn. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(2):17-32. (In Persian). Mojab Ghasroddashti A, Maghsoudi E, Behzadi Y, and Fereidooni MJ, 2017. The effects of different nitrogen sources on yield and yield components of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata). Journal of Agroecology, 9(1):171-184. (In Persian). Moreno-Resendez A, Cantu Brito JE, Reyes-Carrillo JL and Contreras-Villarreal V, 2017. Forage maize nutritional quality according to organic and inorganic fertilization. Scientia Agropecuaria, 8(2): 127-135. Muyayabantu GM, Kadiata BD and Nkongolo KK, 2013. Assessing the effects of integrated soil fertility management on biological efficiency and economic advantages of intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) in DR Congo. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 3 (3): 520-541. Naghizadeh M and Galavi M, 2012. Evaluation of phosphorous biofertilizer and chemical phosphorous influence on fodder quality of corn (Zea mays L.) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativa L.) intercropping. Journal of Agroecology, 4(1): 52-62. (In Persian) Nakhzari Moghadam A, Chaichi M, Mazaheri D, Rahimian Mashhadi H, Majnoon Hosseini N and Noorinia A, 2010. The effects of corn (Zea mays) and green gram (Vigna radiata) intercropping on some quantity characteristics of forage and weed biomass. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 40(4): 113-121. Nakhzari moghadam A, Noora GA and Rahemi karizaki A, 2016. Effect of nitrogen application and planting pattern of faba bean (Vicia faba) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) on some quantity and quality traits of forage. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 47(2):291-298. (In Persian). Nazari Sh, Zaefrian F, Farahmandfar E, Zand E and Azimi Sooran S, 2014. Effect of harvest time on forage yield and quality maize under intercropping with legume plants. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(2):237-245. (In Persian). Norki F, Mojtabaalavi F, Naderi A, Panahpoor I and Lak SH, 2018. Integrated application of biological and chemical fertilizers in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 9(31):107-114. (In Persian) Omidbaigi R, 2014. Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants. Mashhad, Publication of Astan Ghods Press. (In Persian). Prajapati B, Tiwari S and Anand K, 2018. Effect of fodder based intercropping systems on quality of fodder. Forage Research, 43(4): 308-313. Rezaei Chiyaneh I, Tajbakhsh M and Fotohi Cheyanne S, 2015. Yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in strip intercropping with ajowan (Carum copticum L.) influenced by bio and chemical fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 24(4):1-15. (In Persian). Riassat M and Nasirzadeh AR, 2006.Evolution of perennial trigonella (T. elliptica and T.tehranica) for forage qualityimprovement. Iran Journal Rangland Forest Plant Breed Genetic Research, 14 (4): 230-240. (In Persian). Sadeghpour A, Jahanzad E, Lithourgidis AS, Hashemi M, Esmaeili A and Hosseini MB, 2014. Forage yield and quality of barley-annual medic intercrops in semi-arid environments. International Journal of Plant Production, 8(1):77-89. Saleem R, Zammurad IA, Ahmed M, Muhammad A, Muhammad AM, Muhammad S and Muhammad, AKH, 2011. Response of maize-legume intercroppoing system to different fertility sources under rained conditions. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 4(27): 503- 511. Singh DK, Pandey AK, Pandey UB and Bhonde SR, 2002.Effect of farmyard manure combined with foliar application of NPK mixture and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of onion. National Horticultural Research and Development, 21(1): 1-7. Stoltz E, Nadeau E and Wallenhammer AC, 2013.Intercropping maize and fababean for silage under Swedish climate conditions. Agricultural Research, 2(1):90-97. Strydhorst SM, King JR, Lopetinsky KJ and Neil Harker K, 2008.Forage potential of intercropping barley with faba bean, lupin, orfield pea. Agronomy Journal, 100:182-190. Thorsted MD, Olesen JE and Weiner S, 2006. Width of clover strips and wheat rows influence grain yield in winter wheat/white clover intercropping. Field Crops Research, 95: 280–290. Vasilakoglou I, Dhima K, Lithourgidis A and Eleftherohorinos I, 2008. Competitive ability of winter cereal–common vetch intercrops againststerile oat. Expl Agric, 44(4): 509-520. Willey RW, 1990.Resources use in intercropping systems .Journal of Agriculture Water Management, 17:215-231. Yazdani M, Bahmanyar MA, Pirdashti H and Esmaili MA, 2009. Effect of phosphate solubilization microorganisms and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on yield and yield components of corn. International Journal of Biological and Life Sciences, 1: 2-7. Yilmaz S, Ozel A, Atak M and Erayman M, 2015. Effects of seeding rates on competition indices of barley and vetch intercropping systems in the Eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39: 135-143. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 907 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 749 |