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اثر کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای دامی و شیمیایی بر اسانس و برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک بادرشبو در شرایط تنش کمبود آب | ||
| دانش آب و خاک | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 28، شماره 3، پاییز 1397، صفحه 155-168 اصل مقاله (1682 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
افسانه بدل زاده1؛ عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی  2؛ محمد رفیعی الحسینی2؛ مهدی قبادی نیا3
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| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مدیریت مصرف انواع کودهای دامی و شیمیایی و بقایای آنها در خاک از لحاظ تأثیرات زیست محیطی و عملکرد گیاهان بهویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک ایران حائز اهمیت است. این آزمایش بهصورت کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه سطح رژیم آبیاری شامل 100 (شاهد)، 75 و 50% نیاز آبی بهعنوان فاکتور اصلی و شش سطح مصرف کود شامل 1) عدم مصرف کود (شاهد) 2) 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی 3) 50% کود اوره + 50% دامی 4) 75% کود اوره + 25% دامی 5) 100% کود اوره و 6) 100% دامی بهعنوان فاکتور فرعی، با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال 1393 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که رژیم آبیاری 50% باعث کاهش غلظت کلروفیلهای a، b و کل، عملکرد اسانس سرشاخه گلدار، برگ و ساقه گردید؛ در حالیکه غلظت کاروتنوئیدها و پرولین را نسبت به شاهد بهترتیب 83 و 5/13 درصد افزایش داد. تیمارهای کودی 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی، 50% کود اوره + 50% دامی، 75% کود اوره + 25% دامی، 100% کود اوره و 100% دامی غلظت کاروتنوئیدها را نسبت به شاهد بهطور معناداری افزایش دادند بهطوریکه بیشترین غلظت کاروتنوئیدها با میانگین 35/1 میلیگرم در گرم در تیمار 25% کود اوره + 75% دامی بهدست آمد. همبستگی مثبت و معناداری نیز بین کلروفیل a، b، کل، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس برگ و عملکرد اسانس سرشاخه گلدار مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس ساقه، برگ و سرشاخه گلدار بهترتیب با میانگین 9/219، 2/103 و 7/92 گرم در مترمربع با کاربرد 50% کود اوره بههمراه 50% کود دامی و آبیاری کامل بهدست آمد. بنابراین، برای دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد اسانس بادرشبو در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد، کاربرد 50% کود اوره بههمراه 50% کود دامی و آبیاری کامل توصیه میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ بادرشبو؛ تنش کمبود آب؛ کاروتنوئیدها؛ مدیریت تغذیه گیاه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effects of Solitary and Combined Application of Cattle Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Essential Oil and Some Physiological Characteristics of Moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) under water Deficit Stress Conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A Badalzadeh1؛ A Danesh-Shahraki2؛ M Rafieiolhossaini2؛ M Ghobadinia3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, University of Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2Assist. Prof., Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| 3Assist. Prof., Department of Irrigation, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Management of manure and chemical fertilizers application in the soil in terms of environmental impacts and performance of plants is important, especially in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. A split plot experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Shahrekord University in 2014. Main factor was consisted of three levels of irrigation regimes including 100% (I1 or control), 75% (I2) and 50% (I3) of water requirement while 6 levels of manure application including 1) no amended fertilizer (control), 2) 25% urea fertilizer + 75% cattle manure 3) 50% urea fertilizer + 50% cattle manure 4) 75% urea fertilizer + 25% cattle manure 5) 100% urea fertilizer and 6) 100% cattle manure, were considered as subplot factor. Results showed that irrigation regime of I3 caused decreasing an contration of chlorophyll a, b and total, essential oil yield of flowering branch, leaf and stem while in caused 83 and 13.5 percent increase in the amount of carotenoids and proline compared to control, respectively. Fertilizer treatments, 25% urea fertilizer + 75% cattle manure, 50% urea fertilizer + 50% cattle manure, 75% urea fertilizer + 25% cattle manure, 100% urea fertilizer and 100% cattle manure caused significant increase in carotenoids content compared to control whereas the maximum carotenoids content with the average of 1.35 mg g-1 was obtained from the 25% urea fertilizer + 75% cattle manure treatment. A significant positive correlation was observed between chlorophyll a, b, total, essential oil percentage, essential oil yield of leaf and essential oil yield of flowering branches. Therefore, in order to obtain the maximum essential Moldavian balm under Shahrekord climatic condition, application of 50% urea + 50% cattle manure and full irrigation is recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Carotenoids, Essential Oil, Moldavian balm, Plant nutrition management, Water deficit stress | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 35 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 79 |
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