آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 45 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 1,512 |
| تعداد مقالات | 18,451 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 60,152,018 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 21,205,885 |
Histological Responses of Two Wheat Species to Azospirillum Inoculation under Dryland Farming | ||
| Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 7، شماره 2، اسفند 2017، صفحه 67-79 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Taiebeh Jafarian1؛ Mohammad Javad Zarea* 2؛ Adel Siosemardeh2 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In this experiment the effect of inoculation with Azospirillum on the flag leaf and spike rachis anatomical features and also on grain yield and grain weight was investigated for the first time in bread and durum wheats during 2015-2016 growing season under semi-arid condition. The crop yield increased due to the inoculation with Azospirillum with a maximum yield increase of about 8.0 per cent for bread wheat. Azospirillum led to an increase in grain weight per spike. Yield increase due to Azospirillum inoculation was higher for bread wheat than durum wheat. The two wheat species exhibited differences in flag leaf and spike axis anatomic features. Although Azospirillum inoculation decreased the number of flag leaf stomata by 11.5% irrespective of the wheat type, stomatal length of the inoculated plants increased by about 3.6 and 11.5% for bread wheat and durum wheat, respectively. Azospirillum inoculation significantly enhanced the area and length of xylem and phloem vessels by about 12.5 and 12.39% and 14.42 and 33.33%, respectively. Area of the bundle sheath and mesophyll layers of inoculated plants was increased by 20 and 31.5%, respectively. Azospirillum inoculation enhanced the area of upper and lower epidermis of the bread wheat much more than the durum wheat. Anatomic changes due to Azospirillum was not limited to the flag leaf but also extended to the spike rachis and, therefore the inoculated plants had higher area of vascular bundle, xylem vessel and phloem vessel. Overall,the effect of Azospirillum on anatomical features and grain yield of wheat was slightly species specific and it was more pronounced in the bread wheat as compared to the durum wheat. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Anatomical features؛ Bread wheat؛ Durum wheat؛ Grain Yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Asad S, Mali KA and Hafeez FY, 1991. Competition between inoculated and indigenous Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium spp. strains for nodulation of grain and fodder legumes in Pakistan. Biology and Fertility of Soils 12: 107-111.
Barassi CA, Creus CM, Casanovas EM and Sueldo RJ, 2000. Could Azospirillum mitigate abiotic stress effects in plants? http://www.ag.auburn.edu/argentina/ pdfmanuscripts/barassi.pdf (accessed 07.01.01.).
Bashan Y, Holguin G and de Bashan LE, 2004. Azospirillum–plant relationships: physiological, molecular, agricultural and environmental advances (1997-2003). Canadian Journal of Microbiology50: 521-577.
Bashan Y and Holguin G, 1997. Azospirillum-plant relationships: environmental and physiological advances (1990-1996). Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43: 103-121.
Belhadj S, Derridj A, Moriana A, Gijon MDC, Mevy JP and Gauquelin T, 2011. Comparative analysis of stomatal characters in eight wild atlas pistachio populations (Pistacia atlantica Desf.; Anacardiaceae). International Research Journal of Plant Science 2(3): 060-069.
Chaves MM, Flexas J and Pinheiro C, 2009. Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany 103: 551–560.
Dickison WC, 2000. Integrative Plant Anatomy. Academic Press, San Diego, USA.
Ehleringer JR and Mooney HA, 1978. Leaf hairs: effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrub. Oecologia 37: 183-200.
Fahn A and Cutler D, 1992. Xerophytes. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, Germany.
Fitter A and Hay R, 2002. Environmental Physiology of Plants. Academic Press.
Galbiati M, Matus JT and Francla P, 2011. The grapevine guard cell-related VvMYB60 transcription factor is involved in the regulation of stomatal activity and is differentially expressed in response to ABA and osmotic stress. Plant Biology 11: 142–156.
Glick BR, Patten CL, Holguin G, Penrose DM. 1999. Biochemical and genetic mechanisms used by plant growth promoting bacteria. Imperial College Press, London, UK
Haji Nia S, Zarea MJ, Rejali F and Varma A, 2012. Yield and yield components of wheat as affected by salinity and inoculation with Azospirillum strains from saline or non-saline soil. Saudi Society for Agricola Science 11: 113-121.
Karpinski S, Reynolds H, Karpinska B, Wingsle G, Creissen G and Mullineaux P, 1999. Systemic signaling and acclimation in response to excess excitation energy in Arabidopsis. Science 284:654-657.
Marti J and Slafer GA, 2014. Bread and durum wheat yields under a wide range of environmental conditions. Field Crops Research 156: 258–271.
Mateo A, Mühlenbock P, Rusterucci C, Chang CCC, Miszalski Z, Karpińska B, Parker JE, Mullineaux PM and Karpiński S, 2004. Lesion simulating disease 1 is required for acclimation to conditions that promote excess excitation energy. Plant Physiology 136: 2818-2830.
McClendon JH, 1992. Photographic survey of the occurrence of bundle-sheath extensions in deciduous dicots. Plant Physiology 99: 1677-1679.
Merkulov L, Ivezí CJ, Krstí CB, Kovacev L and Pajevi CS, 1997. Structural characteristics of leaf blade of differentially drought-tolerant sugar beet genotypes. In: Proceedings: Drought and Plant Production, Agricultural Research Institute “Serbia”, pp. 487-492.
Miskin KE, Rasmusson DC and Moss DN, 1972. Inheritance and physiological effects of stomatal frequency in barley. Crop Science 12: 780-783.
Okon Y and Itzigsohn R, 1995. The development of Azospirillum as a commercial inoculant for improving crop yields. Biotechnology Advances 13: 415-424.
Oosterhuis DM and Wullschleger SD, 1987. Water flow through cotton roots in relation to xylem anatomy. Experimetal Botany 38: 1866-1874.
Sack L and Frole K, 2006. Leaf structural diversity is related to hydraulic capacity in tropical rainforest trees. Ecology 87: 483-491.
SAS Institute, 2008. SAS Software, Version 9.2. Cary, North Carolina, USA.
Schultz HR and Matthews MA, 1993. Xylem development and hydraulic conductance in sun and shade shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): evidence that low light uncouples water transport capacity from leaf area. Planta 190: 393-406.
Tear ID, Peterson CJ and Law AG, 1971. Size and frequency of leaf stomata in cultivars of Triticum aestivum and other Triticum species. Crop Science 11: 496-498.
Umali-Garcia M, Hubbell DH, Gaskins MH and Dazzo FB, 1980. Association of Azospirillum with grass roots. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 39: 219-226.
van Elsas JD and Heijnen CE, 1990. Methods for the introduction of bacteria into soil: a review. Biology and Fertility of Soils 10: 127-133.
van de Roovaart E and Fuller GD, 1935. Stomatal frequency in cereals. Ecology 16: 278-279.
Zahir ZA, Arshad M and Frankenberger WT, 2004. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: applications and perspectives in agriculture. Advance in Agronomy 81: 97-168.
Zarea MJ, Chordia P and Varma A, 2013. Piriformospora indica versus salt stress. Pp. 263-284. In: Varma A, Kost G and Oelmüller R (Eds.). Piriformospora indica, Soil Biology 33, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg,
Zarea MJ, Hajinia S, Karimi N, Mohammadi Goltapeh E, Rejali F and Varma A, 2012. Effect of Piriformospora indica and Azospirillum strains from saline or non-saline soil on mitigation of the effects of NaCl. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 45: 139 -146. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 779 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 645 |
||